| A1 (Beginner) |
🔤 Basic Decoding & Word Recognition |
• Recognizing English Alphabet Letters (Uppercase & Lowercase)
• Basic Phonics: Common Consonant & Short Vowel Sounds
• Reading Common Sight Words (the, a, is, I, you, and)
• Decoding Simple CVC (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant) Words (cat, sun, big) |
| A1 (Beginner) |
💨 Skimming (Reading for Gist - Very Simple Texts) |
• Identifying the Topic of a Short Text with Pictures (e.g., "Animals," "Food")
• Understanding if a Short Text is a List, a Sign, or a Simple Sentence |
| A1 (Beginner) |
🔍 Scanning (Reading for Specific Information - Very Simple Texts) |
• Finding Own Name or Familiar Words in a List
• Locating Numbers (1-10) in a Short Text
• Identifying Specific Colors or Objects in Picture Captions |
| A1 (Beginner) |
🧐 Reading for Detail (Very Simple Sentences) |
• Understanding Short, Simple Sentences about Familiar Topics (e.g., "I have a cat." "It is sunny.")
• Matching Simple Sentences to Pictures |
| A1 (Beginner) |
📚 Vocabulary in Context (High Frequency Words) |
• Recognizing the Meaning of Common Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives from Pictures
• Understanding Simple Instructions with Visuals (e.g., "Open the book.") |
| A1 (Beginner) |
📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Beginnings) |
• Pointing to Words While Reading Very Short Texts
• Recognizing Basic Punctuation (Full Stop, Question Mark) |
| A2 (Elementary) |
🔤 Basic Decoding & Word Recognition |
• Consonant Blends & Digraphs (sh, ch, th, st, tr)
• Common Long Vowel Sounds & Simple Spellings (e.g., cake, like, go)
• Reading More Sight Words & High-Frequency Words
• Decoding Two-Syllable Words (basic) |
| A2 (Elementary) |
💨 Skimming (Reading for Gist) |
• Understanding the Main Idea of Short Paragraphs on Everyday Topics (Family, Hobbies, Daily Routine)
• Identifying if a Short Text is a Story, an Invitation, or an Email |
| A2 (Elementary) |
🔍 Scanning (Reading for Specific Information) |
• Finding Names, Dates, Times, and Places in Simple Texts (e.g., party invitations, schedules)
• Locating Answers to Specific "Wh-" Questions (Who, What, Where, When) |
| A2 (Elementary) |
🧐 Reading for Detail |
• Understanding Specific Information in Short, Simple Narratives & Descriptions
• Following a Short Sequence of Instructions or Events |
| A2 (Elementary) |
📚 Vocabulary in Context |
• Guessing Meaning of New Words from Pictures & Simple Sentence Context
• Understanding Common Adjectives & Adverbs in Descriptions |
| A2 (Elementary) |
🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Basic) |
• Identifying the Topic of a Simple Paragraph
• Understanding Pronoun Referencing (he, she, it, they - simple cases)
• Recognizing Basic Connectors (and, but, so, because) |
| A2 (Elementary) |
📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies |
• Reading Simple Sentences with Increasing Fluency
• Using Pictures and Titles to Predict Content
• Understanding Basic Punctuation (Commas in lists, Exclamation marks) |
| A2 (Elementary) |
📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres (Basic) |
• Reading Simple Stories, Postcards, Short Emails, Signs, and Menus
• Understanding Simple Instructions & Forms |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
💨 Skimming & 🔍 Scanning |
• Quickly Identifying Main Ideas & Relevant Sections in Longer Texts (e.g., articles, blog posts)
• Efficiently Locating Multiple Pieces of Specific Information Across Paragraphs |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
🧐 Reading for Detail |
• Understanding Main Ideas and Supporting Details in Straightforward Factual Texts
• Following the Plot and Sequence of Events in Narratives
• Understanding Clearly Stated Arguments or Opinions |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
📚 Vocabulary in Context |
• Inferring Meaning of Unfamiliar Vocabulary from Contextual Clues (synonyms, antonyms, examples)
• Understanding Common Phrasal Verbs in Context
• Recognizing Word Families (e.g., beauty, beautiful, beautifully) |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence |
• Identifying Main Idea & Topic Sentences in Paragraphs
• Recognizing Common Text Organization Patterns (e.g., chronological order, simple comparison)
• Understanding How Discourse Markers (e.g., however, therefore, for example) Link Ideas |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
🤔 Reading for Inference & Implied Meaning (Introduction) |
• Understanding Information That is Implied but Not Directly Stated
• Drawing Simple Conclusions Based on Information in the Text
• Understanding Basic Figurative Language (simple similes: "as brave as a lion") |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude (Basic) |
• Identifying the Author's Main Purpose (to inform, entertain, persuade - simple cases)
• Recognizing Obvious Tone (e.g., happy, sad, funny) |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies |
• Reading Short Texts with Reasonable Fluency and Comprehension
• Using Headings, Subheadings, and Topic Sentences to Guide Reading
• Making Predictions and Checking Understanding While Reading
• Summarizing Main Points of a Paragraph or Short Text (orally or in writing) |
| B1 (Intermediate) |
📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres |
• Reading Graded Readers, Simple News Articles, Blog Posts, Reviews, Personal Letters/Emails
• Understanding Instructions, Recipes, and Product Descriptions |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
💨 Skimming & 🔍 Scanning (Efficiently) |
• Quickly Grasping Main Arguments of Complex Texts
• Systematically Scanning Longer and More Dense Texts for Specific Information |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
🧐 Reading for Detail (Complex Texts) |
• Understanding Complex Arguments, Viewpoints, and Supporting Details
• Following Intricate Plots and Character Development in Fiction
• Understanding Detailed Instructions and Explanations in Technical or Academic Contexts |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
📚 Vocabulary in Context (Nuance & Range) |
• Deducing Meaning of Less Common Vocabulary, Including Idiomatic Expressions
• Understanding Nuances in Word Choice (e.g., synonyms with different connotations)
• Recognizing Collocations and Fixed Expressions |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Advanced) |
• Analyzing Text Organization in Various Genres (e.g., problem-solution, cause-effect, argumentation)
• Understanding Complex Cohesive Devices and Reference Systems
• Following Shifts in Topic and Focus Within Longer Texts |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
🤔 Reading for Inference & Implied Meaning |
• Understanding Implied Information, Sarcasm, and Humor
• Inferring Characters' Feelings, Motives, and Relationships
• Understanding Figurative Language (metaphors, idioms) |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude |
• Identifying Author's Stance, Bias, and Underlying Assumptions
• Recognizing Subtle Variations in Tone (e.g., critical, persuasive, objective)
• Understanding How Purpose Influences Text Structure and Language Choices |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
🧐 Critical Reading & Analysis (Introduction) |
• Distinguishing Fact from Opinion and Identifying Supporting Evidence
• Evaluating the Strength and Validity of Arguments
• Identifying Author's Techniques to Persuade or Influence |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Strategic Reading) |
• Reading Longer Texts with Good Speed and Comprehension
• Adapting Reading Speed and Strategies to Different Text Types and Purposes
• Actively Questioning the Text and Engaging with the Material
• Synthesizing Information from Different Parts of a Text or Multiple Texts |
| B2 (Upper Intermediate) |
📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres |
• Reading News Reports, Editorials, Magazine Articles, Reviews, Formal Correspondence
• Understanding Essays, Short Stories, and Simpler Academic or Technical Texts |
| C1 (Advanced) |
🧐 Reading for Detail & 🤔 Reading for Inference (Sophisticated Texts) |
• Understanding Fine Shades of Meaning and Complex Details in Demanding Texts
• Interpreting Abstract Concepts and Complex Arguments
• Recognizing Implicit Meaning, Subtext, and Cultural Allusions |
| C1 (Advanced) |
📚 Vocabulary in Context (Extensive & Nuanced) |
• Understanding a Wide Range of Low-Frequency Vocabulary and Specialized Terminology
• Appreciating Stylistic Nuances of Word Choice
• Recognizing and Understanding Complex Idiomatic and Figurative Language |
| C1 (Advanced) |
🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Mastery) |
• Analyzing Sophisticated Text Structures and Rhetorical Patterns
• Understanding How Cohesion is Achieved in Complex and Stylistically Varied Texts
• Navigating Dense and Interconnected Information |
| C1 (Advanced) |
🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude (Advanced) |
• Critically Evaluating Author's Purpose, Stance, and Underlying Ideology
• Discerning Subtle and Complex Tones (e.g., ironic, satirical, condescending)
• Analyzing How Language is Used to Position the Reader |
| C1 (Advanced) |
🧐 Critical Reading & Analysis |
• Identifying Logical Fallacies and Weaknesses in Arguments
• Evaluating Evidence, Sources, and Author Credibility
• Synthesizing Information from Multiple Complex Sources to Form an Argument
• Comparing and Contrasting Different Perspectives on an Issue |
| C1 (Advanced) |
📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Efficient & Flexible) |
• Reading Extensive and Complex Texts Efficiently and with High Comprehension
• Flexibly Adjusting Reading Strategies Based on Text and Task Demands
• Engaging in Deep Reading and Critical Reflection
• Effective Paraphrasing and Summarizing of Complex Information |
| C1 (Advanced) |
📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres (Wide Range) |
• Reading Academic Papers, Literary Works (novels, plays, poetry), Technical Reports, Legal Documents (simplified)
• Understanding Complex Journalistic Writing and Opinion Pieces |
| C2 (Proficiency) |
🧐📚🔗 Overall Reading Mastery |
• Understanding with Ease Virtually All Forms of Written Language, Including Abstract, Structurally Complex, or Colloquial Literary and Non-Literary Writings
• Appreciating Distinctions of Style and Register
• Effortlessly Understanding Complex Technical or Specialized Texts Outside Own Field |
| C2 (Proficiency) |
🤔🎯🧐 Critical Reading, Analysis & Evaluation (Highest Level) |
• Critically Evaluating and Interpreting Any Text with Sophistication and Nuance
• Deconstructing Authorial Techniques, Rhetorical Strategies, and Underlying Meanings
• Synthesizing Information and Ideas from a Wide Range of Demanding Sources to Create New Insights
• Identifying and Analyzing Cultural, Historical, and Intertextual References |
| C2 (Proficiency) |
📖📄 Reading Fluency & Application (Expert Level) |
• Reading Any Text with Native-like Fluency, Speed, and Automaticity of Comprehension
• Applying Advanced Reading Strategies Unconsciously and Effectively
• Using Reading for High-Level Professional, Academic, or Personal Development Purposes |
