Reading: Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Advanced): B2 Lesson 1: Analyzing Text Organization in Various Genres

Text Structure

B2 Lesson 1: Text Organization & Genre

Goal: Analyze how texts are built. Every genre (News, Story, Essay) has a different "skeleton."

1. Key Concepts

Genre ប្រភេទអត្ថបទ (Style/Type)

Structure រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ (How it's built)

Chronological តាមលំដាប់ពេលវេលា (Time order)

Logical សមហេតុផល (Reason order)

2. Text "Shapes"

Texts are not random. They follow a visual shape.

1. The Inverted Pyramid

Used for: News Articles.

Shape: Most important info FIRST (Who/What/Where), smaller details LAST.

[Image of inverted pyramid diagram]

2. The Timeline

Used for: Stories, Biographies, Recipes.

Shape: Start -> Middle -> End (Time order).

[Image of timeline diagram]

3. The Block Structure

Used for: Essays, Arguments, Opinions.

Shape: Introduction -> Point 1 -> Point 2 -> Conclusion.

3. Analyze the Genre

TEXT A: News Report Shape: Pyramid

LEAD (The Big News)

Flash floods hit Siem Reap yesterday, causing major traffic delays. No injuries were reported.

BODY (Details)

Heavy rain started at 3 PM. Police closed Sivutha Boulevard for two hours.

TAIL (Extra Info)

Weather experts say more rain is expected tomorrow.

TEXT B: Recipe Shape: Timeline

STEP 1

First, boil the water in a large pot.

STEP 2

Next, add the noodles and cook for 3 minutes.

STEP 3

Finally, drain the water and add the sauce.

4. Organization Check

Text: "I think school uniforms are good. Firstly, they save money. Secondly, they stop bullying. Therefore, we should keep them."

1. How is this text organized? Chronological (Time) Logical (Opinion/Argument)

Text: "Sok was born in 1990. He went to school in 1996. He graduated in 2012."

2. How is this text organized? Chronological (Time) Inverted Pyramid (News)

3. Which genre uses the "Inverted Pyramid"? Breaking News Fairy Tales