Reading: Understanding Text Structure
B1 Lesson 3: How Discourse Markers Link Ideas
Before You Read 🧠
Key Vocabulary
These words are the "signposts" we will study in this lesson.
Common Discourse Markers and Their Functions
Think of these markers as signposts that guide you through a text, showing you where the author is going next.
Markers: In addition, Furthermore, Moreover
Purpose: To add another similar idea or piece of supporting information.
"Learning English is important for tourism jobs. Furthermore, it allows you to enjoy movies from around the world."
Markers: However, On the other hand, Nevertheless
Purpose: To introduce an idea that is different or opposite to the previous one.
"The boat trip on the river is very scenic. However, it can be quite expensive."
Markers: Therefore, As a result, Consequently
Purpose: To show the effect or consequence of something.
"He did not study for the exam. As a result, he did not receive a passing grade."
Markers: For example, For instance
Purpose: To introduce a specific example that helps explain a general idea.
"Kampot has many beautiful old buildings. For example, you can see them near the Old Market."
Practice What You Learned 🎯
Quiz: Choose the Right Signpost
Choose the best discourse marker to link the two sentences.
1. The rainy season can cause flooding in some areas. __________, it is essential for growing rice.
(Therefore / However / For example)
→ Answer: However. The sentence shows a contrast between a negative idea (flooding) and a positive idea (good for rice).
2. My friend is very interested in history. __________, she spends a lot of time reading about the Angkorian period.
(On the other hand / For instance / As a result)
→ Answer: As a result. Her reading is a result of her interest in history.
Key Vocabulary Reference
- Discourse Marker A word or phrase that acts like a "signpost" to connect ideas and guide the reader (e.g., 'However,', 'Therefore,').
- Link Ideas To connect two or more thoughts to show the logical relationship between them.
- Cohesion How the different parts of a text are linked together to create a smooth and logical whole.
Your Reading Mission ⭐
Connect the Sentences!
Combine the two sentences into one new sentence using an appropriate discourse marker from the lesson.
- Sentence pair 1: The demand for Kampot pepper is very high. Farmers are able to get a good price for their crop.
- Sentence pair 2: I would like to go to the party. I have to study for an important test.
Example Answer for #1: "The demand for Kampot pepper is very high; therefore, farmers are able to get a good price for their crop."