Reading

A1 (Beginner)

🔤 Basic Decoding & Word Recognition

• Recognizing English Alphabet Letters (Uppercase & Lowercase)
• Basic Phonics: Common Consonant & Short Vowel Sounds
• Reading Common Sight Words (the, a, is, I, you, and)
• Decoding Simple CVC (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant) Words (cat, sun, big)

💨 Skimming (Reading for Gist - Very Simple Texts)

• Identifying the Topic of a Short Text with Pictures (e.g., "Animals," "Food")
• Understanding if a Short Text is a List, a Sign, or a Simple Sentence

🔍 Scanning (Reading for Specific Information - Very Simple Texts)

• Finding Own Name or Familiar Words in a List
• Locating Numbers (1-10) in a Short Text
• Identifying Specific Colors or Objects in Picture Captions

🧐 Reading for Detail (Very Simple Sentences)

• Understanding Short, Simple Sentences about Familiar Topics (e.g., "I have a cat." "It is sunny.")
• Matching Simple Sentences to Pictures

📚 Vocabulary in Context (High Frequency Words)

• Recognizing the Meaning of Common Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives from Pictures
• Understanding Simple Instructions with Visuals (e.g., "Open the book.")

📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Beginnings)

• Pointing to Words While Reading Very Short Texts
• Recognizing Basic Punctuation (Full Stop, Question Mark)

A2 (Elementary)

🔤 Basic Decoding & Word Recognition

• Consonant Blends & Digraphs (sh, ch, th, st, tr)
• Common Long Vowel Sounds & Simple Spellings (e.g., cake, like, go)
• Reading More Sight Words & High-Frequency Words
• Decoding Two-Syllable Words (basic)

💨 Skimming (Reading for Gist)

• Understanding the Main Idea of Short Paragraphs on Everyday Topics (Family, Hobbies, Daily Routine)
• Identifying if a Short Text is a Story, an Invitation, or an Email

🔍 Scanning (Reading for Specific Information)

• Finding Names, Dates, Times, and Places in Simple Texts (e.g., party invitations, schedules)
• Locating Answers to Specific "Wh-" Questions (Who, What, Where, When)

🧐 Reading for Detail

• Understanding Specific Information in Short, Simple Narratives & Descriptions
• Following a Short Sequence of Instructions or Events

📚 Vocabulary in Context

• Guessing Meaning of New Words from Pictures & Simple Sentence Context
• Understanding Common Adjectives & Adverbs in Descriptions

🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Basic)

• Identifying the Topic of a Simple Paragraph
• Understanding Pronoun Referencing (he, she, it, they - simple cases)
• Recognizing Basic Connectors (and, but, so, because)

📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies

• Reading Simple Sentences with Increasing Fluency
• Using Pictures and Titles to Predict Content
• Understanding Basic Punctuation (Commas in lists, Exclamation marks)

📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres (Basic)

• Reading Simple Stories, Postcards, Short Emails, Signs, and Menus
• Understanding Simple Instructions & Forms

B1 (Intermediate)

💨 Skimming & 🔍 Scanning

• Quickly Identifying Main Ideas & Relevant Sections in Longer Texts (e.g., articles, blog posts)
• Efficiently Locating Multiple Pieces of Specific Information Across Paragraphs

🧐 Reading for Detail

• Understanding Main Ideas and Supporting Details in Straightforward Factual Texts
• Following the Plot and Sequence of Events in Narratives
• Understanding Clearly Stated Arguments or Opinions

📚 Vocabulary in Context

• Inferring Meaning of Unfamiliar Vocabulary from Contextual Clues (synonyms, antonyms, examples)
• Understanding Common Phrasal Verbs in Context
• Recognizing Word Families (e.g., beauty, beautiful, beautifully)

🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence

• Identifying Main Idea & Topic Sentences in Paragraphs
• Recognizing Common Text Organization Patterns (e.g., chronological order, simple comparison)
• Understanding How Discourse Markers (e.g., however, therefore, for example) Link Ideas

🤔 Reading for Inference & Implied Meaning (Introduction)

• Understanding Information That is Implied but Not Directly Stated
• Drawing Simple Conclusions Based on Information in the Text
• Understanding Basic Figurative Language (simple similes: "as brave as a lion")

🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude (Basic)

• Identifying the Author's Main Purpose (to inform, entertain, persuade - simple cases)
• Recognizing Obvious Tone (e.g., happy, sad, funny)

📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies

• Reading Short Texts with Reasonable Fluency and Comprehension
• Using Headings, Subheadings, and Topic Sentences to Guide Reading
• Making Predictions and Checking Understanding While Reading
• Summarizing Main Points of a Paragraph or Short Text (orally or in writing)

📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres

• Reading Graded Readers, Simple News Articles, Blog Posts, Reviews, Personal Letters/Emails
• Understanding Instructions, Recipes, and Product Descriptions

B2 (Upper Intermediate)

💨 Skimming & 🔍 Scanning (Efficiently)

• Quickly Grasping Main Arguments of Complex Texts
• Systematically Scanning Longer and More Dense Texts for Specific Information

🧐 Reading for Detail (Complex Texts)

• Understanding Complex Arguments, Viewpoints, and Supporting Details
• Following Intricate Plots and Character Development in Fiction
• Understanding Detailed Instructions and Explanations in Technical or Academic Contexts

📚 Vocabulary in Context (Nuance & Range)

• Deducing Meaning of Less Common Vocabulary, Including Idiomatic Expressions
• Understanding Nuances in Word Choice (e.g., synonyms with different connotations)
• Recognizing Collocations and Fixed Expressions

🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Advanced)

• Analyzing Text Organization in Various Genres (e.g., problem-solution, cause-effect, argumentation)
• Understanding Complex Cohesive Devices and Reference Systems
• Following Shifts in Topic and Focus Within Longer Texts

🤔 Reading for Inference & Implied Meaning

• Understanding Implied Information, Sarcasm, and Humor
• Inferring Characters' Feelings, Motives, and Relationships
• Understanding Figurative Language (metaphors, idioms)

🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude

• Identifying Author's Stance, Bias, and Underlying Assumptions
• Recognizing Subtle Variations in Tone (e.g., critical, persuasive, objective)
• Understanding How Purpose Influences Text Structure and Language Choices

🧐 Critical Reading & Analysis (Introduction)

• Distinguishing Fact from Opinion and Identifying Supporting Evidence
• Evaluating the Strength and Validity of Arguments
• Identifying Author's Techniques to Persuade or Influence

📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Strategic Reading)

• Reading Longer Texts with Good Speed and Comprehension
• Adapting Reading Speed and Strategies to Different Text Types and Purposes
• Actively Questioning the Text and Engaging with the Material
• Synthesizing Information from Different Parts of a Text or Multiple Texts

📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres

• Reading News Reports, Editorials, Magazine Articles, Reviews, Formal Correspondence
• Understanding Essays, Short Stories, and Simpler Academic or Technical Texts

C1 (Advanced)

🧐 Reading for Detail & 🤔 Reading for Inference (Sophisticated Texts)

• Understanding Fine Shades of Meaning and Complex Details in Demanding Texts
• Interpreting Abstract Concepts and Complex Arguments
• Recognizing Implicit Meaning, Subtext, and Cultural Allusions

📚 Vocabulary in Context (Extensive & Nuanced)

• Understanding a Wide Range of Low-Frequency Vocabulary and Specialized Terminology
• Appreciating Stylistic Nuances of Word Choice
• Recognizing and Understanding Complex Idiomatic and Figurative Language

🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Mastery)

• Analyzing Sophisticated Text Structures and Rhetorical Patterns
• Understanding How Cohesion is Achieved in Complex and Stylistically Varied Texts
• Navigating Dense and Interconnected Information

🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude (Advanced)

• Critically Evaluating Author's Purpose, Stance, and Underlying Ideology
• Discerning Subtle and Complex Tones (e.g., ironic, satirical, condescending)
• Analyzing How Language is Used to Position the Reader

🧐 Critical Reading & Analysis

• Identifying Logical Fallacies and Weaknesses in Arguments
• Evaluating Evidence, Sources, and Author Credibility
• Synthesizing Information from Multiple Complex Sources to Form an Argument
• Comparing and Contrasting Different Perspectives on an Issue

📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Efficient & Flexible)

• Reading Extensive and Complex Texts Efficiently and with High Comprehension
• Flexibly Adjusting Reading Strategies Based on Text and Task Demands
• Engaging in Deep Reading and Critical Reflection
• Effective Paraphrasing and Summarizing of Complex Information

📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres (Wide Range)

• Reading Academic Papers, Literary Works (novels, plays, poetry), Technical Reports, Legal Documents (simplified)
• Understanding Complex Journalistic Writing and Opinion Pieces

C2 (Proficiency)

🧐📚🔗 Overall Reading Mastery

• Understanding with Ease Virtually All Forms of Written Language, Including Abstract, Structurally Complex, or Colloquial Literary and Non-Literary Writings
• Appreciating Distinctions of Style and Register
• Effortlessly Understanding Complex Technical or Specialized Texts Outside Own Field

🤔🎯🧐 Critical Reading, Analysis & Evaluation (Highest Level)

• Critically Evaluating and Interpreting Any Text with Sophistication and Nuance
• Deconstructing Authorial Techniques, Rhetorical Strategies, and Underlying Meanings
• Synthesizing Information and Ideas from a Wide Range of Demanding Sources to Create New Insights
• Identifying and Analyzing Cultural, Historical, and Intertextual References

📖📄 Reading Fluency & Application (Expert Level)

• Reading Any Text with Native-like Fluency, Speed, and Automaticity of Comprehension
• Applying Advanced Reading Strategies Unconsciously and Effectively
• Using Reading for High-Level Professional, Academic, or Personal Development Purposes