Reading

CEFR Level	Reading Sub-skill / Category	Key Focus Areas / Example Lesson Titles
A1 (Beginner)	🔤 Basic Decoding & Word Recognition	• Recognizing English Alphabet Letters (Uppercase & Lowercase) • Basic Phonics: Common Consonant & Short Vowel Sounds • Reading Common Sight Words (the, a, is, I, you, and) • Decoding Simple CVC (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant) Words (cat, sun, big)
A1 (Beginner)	💨 Skimming (Reading for Gist - Very Simple Texts)	• Identifying the Topic of a Short Text with Pictures (e.g., "Animals," "Food") • Understanding if a Short Text is a List, a Sign, or a Simple Sentence
A1 (Beginner)	🔍 Scanning (Reading for Specific Information - Very Simple Texts)	• Finding Own Name or Familiar Words in a List • Locating Numbers (1-10) in a Short Text • Identifying Specific Colors or Objects in Picture Captions
A1 (Beginner)	🧐 Reading for Detail (Very Simple Sentences)	• Understanding Short, Simple Sentences about Familiar Topics (e.g., "I have a cat." "It is sunny.") • Matching Simple Sentences to Pictures
A1 (Beginner)	📚 Vocabulary in Context (High Frequency Words)	• Recognizing the Meaning of Common Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives from Pictures • Understanding Simple Instructions with Visuals (e.g., "Open the book.")
A1 (Beginner)	📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Beginnings)	• Pointing to Words While Reading Very Short Texts • Recognizing Basic Punctuation (Full Stop, Question Mark)
A2 (Elementary)	🔤 Basic Decoding & Word Recognition	• Consonant Blends & Digraphs (sh, ch, th, st, tr) • Common Long Vowel Sounds & Simple Spellings (e.g., cake, like, go) • Reading More Sight Words & High-Frequency Words • Decoding Two-Syllable Words (basic)
A2 (Elementary)	💨 Skimming (Reading for Gist)	• Understanding the Main Idea of Short Paragraphs on Everyday Topics (Family, Hobbies, Daily Routine) • Identifying if a Short Text is a Story, an Invitation, or an Email
A2 (Elementary)	🔍 Scanning (Reading for Specific Information)	• Finding Names, Dates, Times, and Places in Simple Texts (e.g., party invitations, schedules) • Locating Answers to Specific "Wh-" Questions (Who, What, Where, When)
A2 (Elementary)	🧐 Reading for Detail	• Understanding Specific Information in Short, Simple Narratives & Descriptions • Following a Short Sequence of Instructions or Events
A2 (Elementary)	📚 Vocabulary in Context	• Guessing Meaning of New Words from Pictures & Simple Sentence Context • Understanding Common Adjectives & Adverbs in Descriptions
A2 (Elementary)	🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Basic)	• Identifying the Topic of a Simple Paragraph • Understanding Pronoun Referencing (he, she, it, they - simple cases) • Recognizing Basic Connectors (and, but, so, because)
A2 (Elementary)	📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies	• Reading Simple Sentences with Increasing Fluency • Using Pictures and Titles to Predict Content • Understanding Basic Punctuation (Commas in lists, Exclamation marks)
A2 (Elementary)	📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres (Basic)	• Reading Simple Stories, Postcards, Short Emails, Signs, and Menus • Understanding Simple Instructions & Forms
B1 (Intermediate)	💨 Skimming & 🔍 Scanning	• Quickly Identifying Main Ideas & Relevant Sections in Longer Texts (e.g., articles, blog posts) • Efficiently Locating Multiple Pieces of Specific Information Across Paragraphs
B1 (Intermediate)	🧐 Reading for Detail	• Understanding Main Ideas and Supporting Details in Straightforward Factual Texts • Following the Plot and Sequence of Events in Narratives • Understanding Clearly Stated Arguments or Opinions
B1 (Intermediate)	📚 Vocabulary in Context	• Inferring Meaning of Unfamiliar Vocabulary from Contextual Clues (synonyms, antonyms, examples) • Understanding Common Phrasal Verbs in Context • Recognizing Word Families (e.g., beauty, beautiful, beautifully)
B1 (Intermediate)	🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence	• Identifying Main Idea & Topic Sentences in Paragraphs • Recognizing Common Text Organization Patterns (e.g., chronological order, simple comparison) • Understanding How Discourse Markers (e.g., however, therefore, for example) Link Ideas
B1 (Intermediate)	🤔 Reading for Inference & Implied Meaning (Introduction)	• Understanding Information That is Implied but Not Directly Stated • Drawing Simple Conclusions Based on Information in the Text • Understanding Basic Figurative Language (simple similes: "as brave as a lion")
B1 (Intermediate)	🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude (Basic)	• Identifying the Author's Main Purpose (to inform, entertain, persuade - simple cases) • Recognizing Obvious Tone (e.g., happy, sad, funny)
B1 (Intermediate)	📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies	• Reading Short Texts with Reasonable Fluency and Comprehension • Using Headings, Subheadings, and Topic Sentences to Guide Reading • Making Predictions and Checking Understanding While Reading • Summarizing Main Points of a Paragraph or Short Text (orally or in writing)
B1 (Intermediate)	📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres	• Reading Graded Readers, Simple News Articles, Blog Posts, Reviews, Personal Letters/Emails • Understanding Instructions, Recipes, and Product Descriptions
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	💨 Skimming & 🔍 Scanning (Efficiently)	• Quickly Grasping Main Arguments of Complex Texts • Systematically Scanning Longer and More Dense Texts for Specific Information
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	🧐 Reading for Detail (Complex Texts)	• Understanding Complex Arguments, Viewpoints, and Supporting Details • Following Intricate Plots and Character Development in Fiction • Understanding Detailed Instructions and Explanations in Technical or Academic Contexts
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	📚 Vocabulary in Context (Nuance & Range)	• Deducing Meaning of Less Common Vocabulary, Including Idiomatic Expressions • Understanding Nuances in Word Choice (e.g., synonyms with different connotations) • Recognizing Collocations and Fixed Expressions
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Advanced)	• Analyzing Text Organization in Various Genres (e.g., problem-solution, cause-effect, argumentation) • Understanding Complex Cohesive Devices and Reference Systems • Following Shifts in Topic and Focus Within Longer Texts
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	🤔 Reading for Inference & Implied Meaning	• Understanding Implied Information, Sarcasm, and Humor • Inferring Characters' Feelings, Motives, and Relationships • Understanding Figurative Language (metaphors, idioms)
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude	• Identifying Author's Stance, Bias, and Underlying Assumptions • Recognizing Subtle Variations in Tone (e.g., critical, persuasive, objective) • Understanding How Purpose Influences Text Structure and Language Choices
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	🧐 Critical Reading & Analysis (Introduction)	• Distinguishing Fact from Opinion and Identifying Supporting Evidence • Evaluating the Strength and Validity of Arguments • Identifying Author's Techniques to Persuade or Influence
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Strategic Reading)	• Reading Longer Texts with Good Speed and Comprehension • Adapting Reading Speed and Strategies to Different Text Types and Purposes • Actively Questioning the Text and Engaging with the Material • Synthesizing Information from Different Parts of a Text or Multiple Texts
B2 (Upper Intermediate)	📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres	• Reading News Reports, Editorials, Magazine Articles, Reviews, Formal Correspondence • Understanding Essays, Short Stories, and Simpler Academic or Technical Texts
C1 (Advanced)	🧐 Reading for Detail & 🤔 Reading for Inference (Sophisticated Texts)	• Understanding Fine Shades of Meaning and Complex Details in Demanding Texts • Interpreting Abstract Concepts and Complex Arguments • Recognizing Implicit Meaning, Subtext, and Cultural Allusions
C1 (Advanced)	📚 Vocabulary in Context (Extensive & Nuanced)	• Understanding a Wide Range of Low-Frequency Vocabulary and Specialized Terminology • Appreciating Stylistic Nuances of Word Choice • Recognizing and Understanding Complex Idiomatic and Figurative Language
C1 (Advanced)	🔗 Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Mastery)	• Analyzing Sophisticated Text Structures and Rhetorical Patterns • Understanding How Cohesion is Achieved in Complex and Stylistically Varied Texts • Navigating Dense and Interconnected Information
C1 (Advanced)	🎯 Recognizing Author's Tone, Purpose & Attitude (Advanced)	• Critically Evaluating Author's Purpose, Stance, and Underlying Ideology • Discerning Subtle and Complex Tones (e.g., ironic, satirical, condescending) • Analyzing How Language is Used to Position the Reader
C1 (Advanced)	🧐 Critical Reading & Analysis	• Identifying Logical Fallacies and Weaknesses in Arguments • Evaluating Evidence, Sources, and Author Credibility • Synthesizing Information from Multiple Complex Sources to Form an Argument • Comparing and Contrasting Different Perspectives on an Issue
C1 (Advanced)	📖 Reading Fluency & Strategies (Efficient & Flexible)	• Reading Extensive and Complex Texts Efficiently and with High Comprehension • Flexibly Adjusting Reading Strategies Based on Text and Task Demands • Engaging in Deep Reading and Critical Reflection • Effective Paraphrasing and Summarizing of Complex Information
C1 (Advanced)	📄 Understanding Different Text Types & Genres (Wide Range)	• Reading Academic Papers, Literary Works (novels, plays, poetry), Technical Reports, Legal Documents (simplified) • Understanding Complex Journalistic Writing and Opinion Pieces
C2 (Proficiency)	🧐📚🔗 Overall Reading Mastery	• Understanding with Ease Virtually All Forms of Written Language, Including Abstract, Structurally Complex, or Colloquial Literary and Non-Literary Writings • Appreciating Distinctions of Style and Register • Effortlessly Understanding Complex Technical or Specialized Texts Outside Own Field
C2 (Proficiency)	🤔🎯🧐 Critical Reading, Analysis & Evaluation (Highest Level)	• Critically Evaluating and Interpreting Any Text with Sophistication and Nuance • Deconstructing Authorial Techniques, Rhetorical Strategies, and Underlying Meanings • Synthesizing Information and Ideas from a Wide Range of Demanding Sources to Create New Insights • Identifying and Analyzing Cultural, Historical, and Intertextual References
C2 (Proficiency)	📖📄 Reading Fluency & Application (Expert Level)	• Reading Any Text with Native-like Fluency, Speed, and Automaticity of Comprehension • Applying Advanced Reading Strategies Unconsciously and Effectively • Using Reading for High-Level Professional, Academic, or Personal Development Purposes