B1 Lesson: Office Problems មេរៀន B1៖ បញ្ហានៅកន្លែងធ្វើការ บทเรียน B1: ปัญหาในที่ทำงาน Bài học B1: Vấn đề văn phòng B1课程：办公室问题 B1レッスン：オフィスの問題 B1 레슨: 사무실 문제 Leçon B1 : Problèmes de bureau Lección B1: Problemas de oficina الدرس B1: مشاكل المكتب B1 पाठ: कार्यालय की समस्याएं Урок B1: Офисные проблемы
Meet Vuthy, a marble carver, and Ravy, a train conductor in Pursat. Today, they are facing administrative and operational issues in their work environments. Let's learn how to use models of deduction to figure out what went wrong! ជួបជាមួយ វុទ្ធី ដែលជាជាងចម្លាក់ថ្មកែវ និង រ៉ាវី ជាបុគ្គលិករថភ្លើងនៅខេត្តពោធិ៍សាត់។ ថ្ងៃនេះ ពួកគេកំពុងជួបប្រទះបញ្ហារដ្ឋបាល... พบกับวุฒิ ช่างแกะสลักหินอ่อน และราวี พนักงานควบคุมรถไฟในโพธิสัตว์... Gặp gỡ Vuthy, một thợ điêu khắc đá cẩm thạch, và Ravy, một người soát vé tàu ở Pursat... 认识一下在菩萨市的雕刻匠Vuthy和列车员Ravy。今天他们正面临工作中的行政和运营问题... ポーサットの大理石彫刻家ヴティと車掌のラヴィに会いましょう。今日、彼らは仕事の問題に直面しています... 푸르사트의 대리석 조각가 부티와 열차 차장 라비를 만나보세요. 오늘 그들은 작업 환경에서 문제를 겪고 있습니다... Rencontrez Vuthy, un tailleur de marbre, et Ravy, un contrôleur de train à Pursat... Conoce a Vuthy, un tallador de mármol, y a Ravy, un conductor de tren en Pursat... تعرف على فوثي، نحات الرخام، ورافي، قاطع تذاكر القطار في بورسات... पुर्सत में संगमरमर तराशने वाले वुथी और ट्रेन कंडक्टर रावी से मिलें... Познакомьтесь с Вутхи, резчиком по мрамору, и Рави, кондуктором поезда в Пурсате...
1. Vocabulary: Office & Workplace Problems
Listen and repeat the words. Then, drag them to the correct box below.
miss a deadline
/mɪs ə ˈdɛdlaɪn/To fail to finish something by the agreed time. ខកខានកាលកំណត់พลาดกำหนดการtrễ thời hạn错过最后期限締め切りに遅れる마감일을 놓치다rater une date limiteincumplir un plazoتفويت الموعد النهائيसमय सीमा चूकनाпропустить дедлайн
delayed shipment
/dɪˈleɪd ˈʃɪpmənt/When goods or materials arrive later than expected. ការដឹកជញ្ជូនយឺតយ៉ាវการจัดส่งล่าช้าlô hàng bị trễ延迟发货発送の遅れ배송 지연expédition retardéeenvío retrasadoشحنة متأخرةदेरी से शिपमेंटзадержанная доставка
scheduling conflict
/ˈʃɛdjuːlɪŋ ˈkɒnflɪkt/When two or more events are planned for the same time. ការជាន់កាលវិភាគตารางเวลาทับซ้อนxung đột lịch trình日程冲突スケジュールの重複일정 겹침conflit d'horaireconflicto de programaciónتعارض في الجدولशेड्यूलिंग विवादнакладка в расписании
equipment breakdown
/ɪˈkwɪpmənt ˈbreɪkdaʊn/When machines or tools stop working suddenly. ការខូចខាតឧបករណ៍อุปกรณ์ขัดข้องhỏng hóc thiết bị设备故障設備の故障장비 고장panne d'équipementavería del equipoتعطل المعداتउपकरण की खराबीполомка оборудования
miscommunication
/ˌmɪskəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/A failure to communicate information clearly. ការយល់ច្រឡំการสื่อสารผิดพลาดgiao tiếp sai沟通不畅コミュニケーション不足의사소통 오류malentendufalta de comunicaciónسوء تواصلगलतफहमीнедопонимание
power outage
/ˈpaʊər ˈaʊtɪdʒ/A period of time when the electricity supply fails. ការដាច់ភ្លើងไฟฟ้าดับmất điện停电停電정전coupure de courantapagónانقطاع التيار الكهربائيबिजली कटीотключение электроэнергии
run out of supplies
/rʌn aʊt əv səˈplaɪz/To completely use up materials needed for work. អស់សម្ភារៈของหมดhết nguồn cung cấp耗尽物资備品が不足する물품이 떨어지다manquer de fournituresquedarse sin suministrosنفاد الإمداداتआपूर्ति खत्म होनाзакончиться запасы
maintenance issue
/ˈmeɪntənəns ˈɪʃuː/A problem requiring repair or upkeep of a facility or tool. បញ្ហាថែទាំปัญหาการบำรุงรักษาvấn đề bảo trì维护问题メンテナンスの問題유지보수 문제problème de maintenanceproblema de mantenimientoمشكلة صيانةरखरखाव का मुद्दाпроблема с обслуживанием
understaffed
/ˌʌndərˈstæft/Not having enough employees to do the required work. ខ្វះបុគ្គលិកขาดพนักงานthiếu nhân sự人手不足人手不足인력이 부족하다manquer de personnelfalta de personalنقص الموظفينकर्मचारियों की कमीнехватка персонала
misplaced document
/mɪsˈpleɪst ˈdɒkjʊmənt/A file or paper that has been lost temporarily. ឯកសារដែលបាត់បង់เอกสารหายtài liệu bị thất lạc丢失的文件紛失した書類잘못 둔 서류document égarédocumento extraviadoمستند في غير مكانهखोया हुआ दस्तावेज़потерянный документ
Match the Phrasal Verbs & Collocations
2. Grammar: Modals of Deduction
We use modals of deduction when we make a guess about something based on evidence. Depending on how certain we are, we choose different modals.
| Certainty Level | Modal Verb | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Almost 100% Sure (Positive) | must + base verb | The marble carving drill is broken. It must be an equipment breakdown. |
| About 50% Sure (Possible) | might / could / may + base verb | Vuthy isn't here yet. He might be stuck in traffic, or there could be a delayed shipment. |
| Almost 100% Sure (Negative) | can't + base verb | Ravy is standing right here. He can't be on the train to Battambang! |
Grammar Practice: Part 1
Grammar Practice: Part 2
3. Reading: A Busy Day in Pursat
He tried turning on the lights to inspect the machine, but the bulbs stayed dark. "Wait, it can't be just my machine. The lights are off too! There might be a power outage in the whole neighborhood."
Just then, his friend Ravy walked in. Ravy was wearing his train conductor uniform but looked very stressed.
"Why aren't you at the railway station?" Vuthy asked. "You must be late for work!"
"No," Ravy replied, wiping sweat from his forehead. "There’s a huge scheduling conflict. They scheduled two trains to leave on the same track at 10:00 AM! Plus, three people didn't show up to work today, so we are completely understaffed. I came here to get away from the noise for ten minutes. Why is your shop so quiet?"
"We have no electricity," Vuthy explained. "I'm also worried about a delayed shipment. I ordered new safety goggles, but they haven't arrived. I'm starting to run out of supplies."
Ravy nodded sympathetically. "It could be a miscommunication with the delivery driver. Sometimes they get lost trying to find the workshops near the river. You should call them."
Vuthy reached for his desk, searching frantically through piles of paper. "Oh no, I can't find the receipt with the phone number on it. It’s a misplaced document now."
Both men laughed. Despite the administrative headaches and maintenance issues, they knew that in Pursat, a little patience always goes a long way to solve the day's problems.
Reading Comprehension
4. Listening: The Missing Package
Listen to Vuthy and Ravy discussing a missing package at the train station. Pay attention to how they guess what happened.
Listening Quiz
5. Speaking: Roleplay Practice
Imagine you are helping Vuthy solve a problem. Read your lines aloud, focusing on the modals of deduction.
6. Writing: Reporting a Problem
Look at the model email. Notice how the writer uses Modals of Deduction and workplace vocabulary.
Dear Mr. Sok,
I am writing to inform you that we will likely miss a deadline for the hotel statues. We had a sudden power outage this morning, which caused an equipment breakdown with our main drill.
The electrician is checking it now. He thinks it might be a damaged wire. It can't be a problem with the city's grid because the train station nearby still has electricity. It must be a maintenance issue in our building.
I will update you this afternoon.
Best regards,
Vuthy
Your Turn to Write
Imagine you are Ravy. Write an email to your supervisor explaining why the 10:00 AM train is delayed. Fill in the blanks with your own ideas, using the new vocabulary and modals.
Dear Supervisor,
I need to report a problem. Currently, the station is very because three staff members are absent.
Also, we cannot find the passenger manifest for the 10:00 AM train. It be a misplaced document on the ticket counter. It be in the manager's office, because the door is locked.
This will cause a for the passengers. We are trying our best to resolve it so we do not today.
Regards,
Ravy
