Speaking: Grammar in Speaking A1 - Lesson 4: Using "this/that/these/those" 👈👉🗣️
ការនិយាយ៖ វេយ្យាករណ៍ក្នុងការនិយាយ A1 - មេរៀនទី ៤៖ ការប្រើ "this/that/these/those"Objective: To learn and practice using "this," "that," "these," and "those" to point out people or things near and far.
គោលបំណង៖ ដើម្បីរៀន និងអនុវត្តការប្រើប្រាស់ "this," "that," "these," និង "those" ដើម្បីចង្អុលបង្ហាញមនុស្ស ឬវត្ថុនៅជិត និងនៅឆ្ងាយ។
Words like "this," "that," "these," and "those" are called demonstratives. We use them to show which person or thing we are talking about.
ពាក្យដូចជា "this," "that," "these," និង "those" ត្រូវបានគេហៅថា សព្វនាមចង្អុលបង្ហាញ។ យើងប្រើវាដើម្បីបង្ហាញថាតើយើងកំពុងនិយាយអំពីមនុស្ស ឬវត្ថុមួយណា។
"This" and "That" (Singular - for one thing) "This" និង "That" (ឯកវចនៈ - សម្រាប់វត្ថុមួយ)
We use this for one thing that is near you.
យើងប្រើ this (នេះ) សម្រាប់វត្ថុមួយដែលនៅជិតអ្នក។
We use that for one thing that is far from you (or not near).
យើងប្រើ that (នោះ) សម្រាប់វត្ថុមួយដែលនៅឆ្ងាយពីអ្នក (ឬមិននៅជិត)។
Listen and repeat. Click "ស្តាប់ (Hear)".
ស្តាប់ ហើយនិយាយឡើងវិញ។ ចុច "ស្តាប់ (Hear)"។
- This is my book. (The book is near me)
- That is your pen. (The pen is far from me)
- What is this? (Pointing to something near)
- What is that? (Pointing to something far)
"These" and "Those" (Plural - for more than one thing) "These" និង "Those" (ពហុវចនៈ - សម្រាប់វត្ថុច្រើនជាងមួយ)
We use these for more than one thing that is near you.
យើងប្រើ these (ទាំងនេះ) សម្រាប់វត្ថុច្រើនជាងមួយដែលនៅជិតអ្នក។
We use those for more than one thing that is far from you (or not near).
យើងប្រើ those (ទាំងនោះ) សម្រាប់វត្ថុច្រើនជាងមួយដែលនៅឆ្ងាយពីអ្នក (ឬមិននៅជិត)។
Listen and repeat. Click "ស្តាប់ (Hear)".
ស្តាប់ ហើយនិយាយឡើងវិញ។ ចុច "ស្តាប់ (Hear)"។
- These are my shoes. (The shoes are near me)
- Those are your bags. (The bags are far from me)
- What are these? (Pointing to things near)
- What are those? (Pointing to things far)
| Near (ជិត) | Far (ឆ្ងាយ) | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular (ឯកវចនៈ) (one thing / វត្ថុមួយ) | this (នេះ) | that (នោះ) |
| Plural (ពហុវចនៈ) (more than one thing / វត្ថុច្រើនជាងមួយ) | these (ទាំងនេះ) | those (ទាំងនោះ) |
Using Demonstratives in Questions ការប្រើសព្វនាមចង្អុលបង្ហាញក្នុងសំណួរ
Listen and repeat these questions and answers.
ស្តាប់ ហើយនិយាយឡើងវិញនូវសំណួរ និងចម្លើយទាំងនេះ។
-
A: Is this your pen? (Pen is near)
B: Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
-
A: Is that your house? (House is far)
B: Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
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A: Are these your keys? (Keys are near)
B: Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
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A: Are those your friends? (Friends are far)
B: Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
Practice Choosing Demonstratives អនុវត្តការជ្រើសរើសសព្វនាមចង្អុលបង្ហាញ
Choose the correct word (this, that, these, those) to complete the sentences. Say the full sentence aloud. Then, click "បង្ហាញចម្លើយ (Reveal Answer)" to check.
ជ្រើសរើសពាក្យត្រឹមត្រូវ (this, that, these, those) ដើម្បីបំពេញប្រយោគ។ និយាយប្រយោគពេញឱ្យឮៗ។ បន្ទាប់មក ចុច "បង្ហាញចម្លើយ (Reveal Answer)" ដើម្បីពិនិត្យ។
1. (Pointing to a book in your hand) ____________ is my favorite book.
2. (Pointing to some flowers across the room) ____________ flowers are beautiful.
3. (Holding some pens) What are ____________?
4. (Looking at a bird far away in a tree) Look at ____________ bird!
5. (Pointing to a picture on the wall near you) Is ____________ your family?
- Near vs. Far: The most important difference is if the object is near you (this/these) or far from you (that/those). Practice pointing to things and saying the sentences.
- ជិត ទល់នឹង ឆ្ងាយ៖ ភាពខុសគ្នាដ៏សំខាន់បំផុតគឺថាតើវត្ថុនៅជិតអ្នក (this/these) ឬនៅឆ្ងាយពីអ្នក (that/those)។ អនុវត្តការចង្អុលទៅវត្ថុ ហើយនិយាយប្រយោគ។
- Singular vs. Plural: "This" and "that" are for ONE thing. "These" and "those" are for MORE THAN ONE thing.
- ឯកវចនៈ ទល់នឹង ពហុវចនៈ៖ "This" និង "that" គឺសម្រាប់វត្ថុមួយ។ "These" និង "those" គឺសម្រាប់វត្ថុច្រើនជាងមួយ។
- Pronunciation of "th": The "th" sound in "this, that, these, those" is a voiced /ð/ sound (like in "the"). Practice by putting your tongue lightly between your teeth and making a vibrating sound.
- ការបញ្ចេញសំឡេង "th": សំឡេង "th" ក្នុងពាក្យ "this, that, these, those" គឺជាសំឡេង /ð/ (ដូចក្នុងពាក្យ "the")។ អនុវត្តដោយដាក់អណ្តាតរបស់អ្នកនៅចន្លោះធ្មេញ ហើយបង្កើតសំឡេងរំញ័រ។
Summary: You learned to use "this" (near, singular), "that" (far, singular), "these" (near, plural), and "those" (far, plural) to point things out. Practice using them to talk about things around you!
សង្ខេប៖ អ្នកបានរៀនប្រើ "this" (ជិត, ឯកវចនៈ), "that" (ឆ្ងាយ, ឯកវចនៈ), "these" (ជិត, ពហុវចនៈ), និង "those" (ឆ្ងាយ, ពហុវចនៈ) ដើម្បីចង្អុលបង្ហាញវត្ថុ។ អនុវត្តការប្រើប្រាស់វាដើម្បីនិយាយអំពីអ្វីៗនៅជុំវិញអ្នក!