psychology
Multiple Choice (Hard)
Lesson Goal: Learn how to infer meaning and understand complex reference words (like "former" and "latter") during an academic lecture.
Listening for Inference
In academic lectures, speakers often use advanced vocabulary to reference things they have already said. Instead of repeating the same words, they use reference words.
When a speaker lists two things, they might refer to the first thing as the "former" and the second thing as the "latter". To understand the lecture, you must infer the connection between these reference words and the original topics.
Go to the next card to study the academic vocabulary, then listen to the lecture excerpt in the Listen tab!
school
Academic Terms
ពាក្យប្រើប្រាស់ក្នុងសាលា
Fluctuation
/ˌflʌk.tʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/
ការប្រែប្រួលចុះឡើង
Phenomenon
/fəˈnɑː.mə.nɑːn/
បាតុភូត
science
Analysis
ការវិភាគអត្ថន័យ
Consensus
/kənˈsen.səs/
ការឯកភាពគ្នា / ការយល់ស្រប
Contradiction
/ˌkɑːn.trəˈdɪk.ʃən/
ភាពផ្ទុយគ្នា / ភាពផ្ទុយស្រឡះ
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Reference Words
ពាក្យប្រើប្រាស់សម្រាប់យោង
Former
/ˈfɔːr.mɚ/
ទីមួយ (ដែលបានរៀបរាប់មុនគេ)
Latter
/ˈlæt̬.ɚ/
ទីពីរ (ដែលបានរៀបរាប់ក្រោយគេ)
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Click play to listen to the lecture excerpt.
fact_check COMPREHENSION CHECK
1. What does the word "former" refer to in this context?
2. What is the "consensus" among scientists?
3. What does "unprecedented" mean?
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Real World Tasks
Practice your academic English!
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