Reading: Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Advanced): B2 Lesson 1: Analyzing Text Organization in Various Genres
CEFR Level: B2 (Upper Intermediate)
Target Reading Sub-skill: Understanding Text Structure, Cohesion & Coherence (Advanced)
Specific Focus: Analyzing Text Organization in Various Genres (e.g., problem-solution, cause-effect, argumentation)
What You Will Learn
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
- Identify common text organization patterns in B2-level texts (problem-solution, cause-effect, argumentation).
- Recognize signal words and phrases associated with these patterns.
- Analyze how these patterns help to convey the author's message and purpose.
- Use your understanding of these patterns to read and comprehend complex texts more effectively.
Hello Cambodian Learners!
When you read more advanced texts, like articles discussing social issues in Cambodia or scientific explanations, writers use specific structures to organize their ideas logically. Understanding these "organizational patterns" is like having a map to the text's meaning. It helps you see how the ideas connect and what the author is trying to achieve. Today, we'll explore three common patterns: Problem-Solution, Cause-Effect, and Argumentation.
Common Text Organization Patterns
Click on the example texts to hear them read.
1. Problem-Solution
Purpose:
To identify and describe a problem, and then propose one or more solutions.
Signal Words:
- Problem: problem, issue, difficulty, challenge, concern
- Solution: solution, solve, answer, propose, suggest, a way to, overcome
2. Cause-Effect
Purpose:
To explain the reasons why something happens (causes) and the results or consequences (effects).
Signal Words:
- Cause: because, since, as, due to, the reason for, causes
- Effect: so, therefore, as a result, consequently, thus, leads to, an effect is, results in
3. Argumentation
Purpose:
To present a claim or viewpoint and support it with reasons, evidence, and examples to convince the reader.
Signal Words:
- Claim/Viewpoint: I believe, in my opinion, it is argued that, the main point is, should
- Reasons: firstly, secondly, another reason, because
- Evidence/Examples: for example, for instance, statistics show, according to
- Counter-argument/Contrast: however, although, on the other hand
- Conclusion: in conclusion, therefore, thus
Practice Time!
Activity 1: Identify the Text Organization Pattern
Read each text excerpt below. Click the button that best describes its main organizational pattern.
Activity 2: Analyze the Structure
Read the text excerpt. Then answer the question about its structure (e.g., identifying a problem, a cause, or a main argument).
Quick Quiz!
Great Job!
Understanding how authors organize their ideas in different genres is a key skill for deeper comprehension and critical analysis at the B2 level. Keep looking for these patterns in your reading!