Lesson 2: Omitting Relative Pronouns & Adverbial Clauses

Fluency Focus: At the B2 level, sounding natural is just as important as being grammatically correct. When writing emails or guiding tours around Siem Reap or Battambang, native speakers frequently drop words to streamline their sentences. We often omit relative pronouns (like who, which, or that) when they are the object of the clause. Let's look at how to refine your sentence structures.
នៅកម្រិត B2 ការនិយាយឱ្យស្តាប់ទៅដូចជាធម្មជាតិគឺសំខាន់ណាស់។ ជនជាតិដើមជារឿយៗលុបចោលសព្វនាមឈ្នាប់ (ដូចជា who, which, ឬ that) នៅពេលដែលវាជាកម្មបទនៃល្បះ។ តោះស្វែងយល់ពីរបៀបសម្រួចរចនាសម្ព័ន្ធល្បះរបស់អ្នក។
warning Professional Tip
You cannot omit the relative pronoun if it is the subject of the clause. For example, you can say "The temple (that) we visited is ancient," but you cannot say "The temple is ancient is Angkor Wat"—it must be "The temple that is ancient..."
អ្នក មិនអាច លុបចោលសព្វនាមឈ្នាប់បានទេ ប្រសិនបើវាជា ប្រធាន នៃល្បះ។ ឧទាហរណ៍៖ ល្បះ "The temple that is ancient..." គឺមិនអាចលុបពាក្យ "that" ចោលបានឡើយ។
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Advanced Clause Structures

Meeting a Guest
Omitted Pronoun
The guest I met...
Instead of: "The guest whom I met..."
ភ្ញៀវដែលខ្ញុំបានជួប...
Example: The guest I met at the Bamboo Train was from France.
ឧទាហរណ៍៖ ភ្ញៀវដែលខ្ញុំបានជួបនៅរថភ្លើងឫស្សីមកពីប្រទេសបារាំង។
Hotel Booking
Omitted Pronoun
The hotel we booked...
Instead of: "The hotel which we booked..."
សណ្ឋាគារដែលពួកយើងបានកក់...
Example: The boutique hotel we booked in Siem Reap has a great pool.
ឧទាហរណ៍៖ សណ្ឋាគារដែលពួកយើងបានកក់នៅសៀមរាបមានអាងហែលទឹកដ៏អស្ចារ្យ។
Buying a Souvenir
Omitted Pronoun
The scarf she bought...
Instead of: "The scarf that she bought..."
កន្សែងសូត្រដែលនាងបានទិញ...
Example: The silk scarf she bought at Phsar Nath is beautiful.
ឧទាហរណ៍៖ កន្សែងសូត្រដែលនាងបានទិញនៅផ្សារណាត់គឺស្រស់ស្អាតណាស់។
Raining Tour
Adverbial Clause
Although it rained...
A clause of concession showing a contrast.
ទោះបីជាមានភ្លៀងធ្លាក់ក៏ដោយ... (ល្បះបង្ហាញពីការផ្ទុយ)
Example: Although it rained heavily, the bicycle tour continued.
ឧទាហរណ៍៖ ទោះបីជាមានភ្លៀងធ្លាក់ខ្លាំងក៏ដោយ ក៏ដំណើរកម្សាន្តតាមកង់នៅតែបន្ត។
Closed Road
Adverbial Clause
Since the road...
A clause of reason explaining 'why' (similar to 'because').
ដោយសារតែផ្លូវ... (ល្បះបង្ហាញពីហេតុផល)
Example: Since the road to Banan was closed, the guide took a different route.
ឧទាហរណ៍៖ ដោយសារតែផ្លូវទៅបាណន់ត្រូវបានបិទ មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍បានយកផ្លូវផ្សេង។
Riding Bicycles
Adverbial Clause
While we were riding...
A clause of time showing an ongoing background action.
ខណៈពេលដែលពួកយើងកំពុងជិះ... (ល្បះបង្ហាញពីពេលវេលា)
Example: While we were riding through the villages, we saw local farmers harvesting rice.
ឧទាហរណ៍៖ ខណៈពេលដែលពួកយើងកំពុងជិះកាត់ភូមិ យើងបានឃើញកសិករក្នុងស្រុកកំពុងច្រូតស្រូវ។
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Knowledge Check

mail Email to a Client
Which sentence sounds the most natural because it correctly omits the relative pronoun?
(តើល្បះមួយណាដែលស្តាប់ទៅធម្មជាតិបំផុត ដោយសារវាបានលុបសព្វនាមឈ្នាប់បានត្រឹមត្រូវ?)
report Tour Delay Report
Fill in the blank with the correct adverbial clause: "___ the bus broke down, we arrived late."
(បំពេញចន្លោះ៖ "___ ឡានក្រុងខូច យើងមកដល់យឺត។")
psychology Identifying the Error
Why is this sentence incorrect: "The driver drove us is very friendly."?
(ហេតុអ្វីបានជាល្បះនេះខុស?)
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