Vocabulary: Word Formation & Morphology (B2) - Lesson 3: How Affixes Change Words (Meaning, Stress & Pronunciation)

Vocab: Word Formation B2

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Affix Magic!

ការផ្លាស់ប្តូរអត្ថន័យ សំឡេងសង្កត់ និងការបញ្ចេញសំឡេង

Adding prefixes and suffixes doesn't just change the spelling. It can change how a word sounds!

ការបន្ថែមបុព្វបទ និងបច្ច័យ មិនត្រឹមតែប្តូរអក្ខរាវិរុទ្ធទេ វាក៏អាចប្តូរ "ទីតាំងសំឡេងសង្កត់" របស់ពាក្យផងដែរ!

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Shifting Stress record_voice_over

ការផ្លាស់ប្តូរទីតាំងសំឡេងសង្កត់ (Stress Shift)

Pho-to-graph (Noun) A picture made by a camera. រូបថត (សង្កត់សំឡេងនៅព្យាង្គទី ១)

pho-To-graph-er (Noun) A person who takes photos. អ្នកថតរូប (សង្កត់សំឡេងនៅព្យាង្គទី ២)

pho-to-Graph-ic (Adj) Relating to photography. ទាក់ទងនឹងការថតរូប (សង្កត់សំឡេងនៅព្យាង្គទី ៣)

magnet

Suffixes that Pull magnet

បច្ច័យដែលទាញសំឡេងសង្កត់ (-ic, -tion, -ity)

These suffixes always pull the stress to the syllable right before them!

Science ➔ Sci-en-Ti-fic Adding "-ic" pulls stress to "ti". បែបវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ

Educate ➔ Ed-u-Ca-tion Adding "-tion" pulls stress to "ca". ការអប់រំ

Possible ➔ Pos-si-Bil-i-ty Adding "-ity" pulls stress to "bil". លទ្ធភាព

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Vowel Sound Shifts swap_horiz

ការប្តូរសំឡេងស្រៈពេលថែមបច្ច័យ

Nation (/eɪ/) ➔ National (/æ/) The "a" changes from a long 'A' to a short 'a'. ជាតិ ➔ ថ្នាក់ជាតិ

Know (/oʊ/) ➔ Knowledge (/ɒ/) The "o" changes from a long 'O' to a short 'o'. ដឹង ➔ ចំណេះដឹង

Compete (/iː/) ➔ Competi-tion (/ɪ/) The long 'E' becomes a short 'i', and stress moves! ប្រកួតប្រជែង ➔ ការប្រកួតប្រជែង

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Meaning Shifts shuffle

ការប្តូរអត្ថន័យតាមរយៈបុព្វបទ

Prefixes change the meaning, but usually DO NOT change the main stress of the root word.

Misunderstand To understand wrongly. (mis- = wrong) យល់ខុស

Overcook To cook for too long. (over- = too much) ចម្អិនឆ្អិនពេក (រហូតដល់ខូចរសជាតិ)

Rewrite To write again. (re- = again) សរសេរឡើងវិញ

warning The Neutral Suffix Trap!

Not ALL suffixes change the stress!

(បច្ច័យខ្លះ ដូចជា -ment, -ness, និង -ly មិនទាញសំឡេងសង្កត់ទេ! សំឡេងសង្កត់នៅរក្សាកន្លែងដើមដដែល។)

Hap-py ➔ Hap-pi-ness
(Stress stays on HAP)

de-Vel-op ➔ de-Vel-op-ment
(Stress stays on VEL, not MENT!)

Quick Check bolt

ការត្រួតពិនិត្យរហ័ស

Stress Puller

Where is the stress in the word "Information"?

(តើសំឡេងសង្កត់នៅព្យាង្គណាសម្រាប់ពាក្យ Information?)

Vowel Shift

How does the "a" sound change from "Nation" to "National"?

(តើសំឡេង "a" ផ្លាស់ប្តូរយ៉ាងម៉េចពី Nation ទៅ National?)

STRESS TRAP! error

Where is the stress in "Development"?

(តើសំឡេងសង្កត់នៅកន្លែងណាសម្រាប់ពាក្យ Development?)

Prefix Meaning

If someone ___cooks the meat, it is burnt and dry.

(ប្រសិនបើនរណាម្នាក់ចម្អិនសាច់ ____ វាប្រាកដជាខ្លោចនិងស្ងួតហើយ។)

Suffix that Pulls

When you change "Possible" to "Possibility", the stress moves to...

(ពេលអ្នកប្តូរ Possible ទៅជា Possibility តើសំឡេងសង្កត់រំកិលទៅណា?)

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Mission track_changes

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Dictionary Dig menu_book (បើកវចនានុក្រម ហើយមើលសញ្ញាសង្កត់សំឡេង (ˈ) របស់ពាក្យ: Electric, Electrical, និង Electricity។)

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Mission track_changes

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Shadowing record_voice_over (ចុចស្តាប់សំឡេងពាក្យ Photograph, Photographer, Photographic ហើយនិយាយតាមចំនួន ៣ដង ឲ្យត្រូវសំឡេងសង្កត់។)

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Mission track_changes

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Teach a friend group (ប្រាប់មិត្តភក្តិរបស់អ្នកពីក្បួនទាញសំឡេងសង្កត់របស់បច្ច័យ "-tion" និង "-ity"!)

Video Lesson

មេរៀនជាវីដេអូ

Ask a Question front_hand

តើអ្នកមានចម្ងល់មែនទេ? សួរគ្រូនៅទីនេះ!

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Recent Questions

N

Narin 2 hours ago

Why do English words change stress like this? It's so confusing!

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SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 1 hour ago

I know it feels hard! It's mostly because English borrowed a lot of these suffixes from Latin and French. The stress patterns moved to make the words easier to say quickly. The good news is, there are clear patterns you can learn, like the "-tion" rule! psychology

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Vireak 5 hours ago

Does "-ly" change the stress? Like QUICK to QUICKLY?

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SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 4 hours ago

No, "-ly" is a "neutral suffix". It never changes the stress! QUICK is stressed on the first syllable, and QUICK-ly is also stressed on the first syllable. The same goes for -ness and -ment. bolt

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Dara 8 hours ago

Do prefixes ever change the stress? Like Happy -> Unhappy.

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SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 7 hours ago

Usually, NO! Prefixes generally leave the stress on the original root word. HAP-py ➔ un-HAP-py. The only time we really see stress shifts at the beginning is when a word changes from a Noun to a Verb (like a RE-cord vs to re-CORD). mic