Speaking: Vocabulary for Speaking B2 - Lesson 3: Abstract Concepts (e.g., society, environment)

Vocabulary B2

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Abstract Concepts

គំនិតអរូបី (សង្គម និង បរិស្ថាន)

At B2, you must discuss ideas that you cannot physically touch, such as issues in Society and the Environment.

នៅកម្រិត B2 អ្នកត្រូវចេះពិភាក្សាពីគំនិត ឬបញ្ហាដែលយើងមិនអាចប៉ះផ្ទាល់បាន ដូចជាបញ្ហាសង្គម និងបរិស្ថាន។

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Society & Culture

សង្គម និង វប្បធម៌

Diversity /daɪˈvɜːrsɪti/ ភាពចម្រុះ / ពហុភាព

Kampot is known for its cultural diversity.

Inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti/ វិសមភាព / ភាពមិនស្មើគ្នា

The government is fighting social inequality.

Heritage /ˈhɛrɪtɪdʒ/ បេតិកភណ្ឌ / កេរដំណែល

We must protect our national heritage.

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The Environment

បរិស្ថាន

Sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪlɪti/ និរន្តរភាព (ការរក្សាឲ្យបានយូរអង្វែង)

Businesses must focus on sustainability.

Conservation /ˌkɒnsərˈveɪʃən/ ការអភិរក្ស

Water conservation is very important.

Pollution /pəˈluːʃən/ ការបំពុល

Plastic waste causes severe ocean pollution.

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Progress & Change

ការអភិវឌ្ឍ និង ការផ្លាស់ប្តូរ

Globalization /ˌɡloʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ សកលភាវូបនីយកម្ម

Globalization connects economies worldwide.

Innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/ នវានុវត្តន៍ / ការច្នៃប្រឌិតថ្មី

Technology depends on continuous innovation.

Infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃər/ ហេដ្ឋារចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ (ផ្លូវ ស្ពាន)

The infrastructure in Kampot is improving.

The Grammar Trap! ⚠️

Uncountable Concepts

(ពាក្យអរូបីភាគច្រើនជានាមមិនរាប់ (Uncountable)។ កុំប្រើ 'a/an' ឬថែម 's'!)

Pollutions are bad for the city. ❌

Pollution is bad for the city. 🌟

We are making a good progress. ❌

We are making good progress. 🌟

Speaking C2 🎬

Watch Teacher Sopheak use these abstract concepts in a high-level B2 speaking exam format.

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Check ⚡

ការត្រួតពិនិត្យចំណេះដឹង ⚡

Definition Match

The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level (keeping things going for the future).

(សមត្ថភាពក្នុងការរក្សាអ្វីមួយឲ្យមានរយៈពេលយូរអង្វែង ហៅថាអ្វី?)

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Collocations

We need to protect our cultural ___.

(យើងត្រូវការពារបេតិកភណ្ឌវប្បធម៌របស់យើង។)

GRAMMAR TRAP ❌

Which sentence is grammatically correct?

(តើប្រយោគមួយណាត្រឹមត្រូវតាមវេយ្យាករណ៍?)

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Context

Kampot is building new roads and bridges. They are improving their ___.

(ខេត្តកំពតកំពុងស្ថាបនាផ្លូវ និងស្ពានថ្មីៗ។ ពួកគេកំពុងអភិវឌ្ឍ...)

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Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តជាក់ស្តែង!

Speak: Your Society 🗣️ Record yourself talking for 1 minute about the "heritage" and "diversity" of your country.

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Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តជាក់ស្តែង!

Write: Environment ✍️ Write a paragraph about how to improve "sustainability" and reduce "pollution" in your city.

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Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តជាក់ស្តែង!

Apply: Vocabulary 💡 Use the words "globalization" and "innovation" in a sentence discussing modern businesses.

Ask a Question 🙋‍♂️

តើអ្នកមានចម្ងល់មែនទេ? សួរគ្រូនៅទីនេះ!

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Discussion

S

Sovan 2 hours ago

Teacher, what is the difference between "environment" and "nature"?

Reply 👍 18

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 1 hour ago

Great question! "Nature" usually refers to the natural world (trees, animals, mountains) that exists without humans. "Environment" is a broader abstract concept; it means the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives. We often use "Environment" in B2/C1 essays when talking about global issues. 🌍

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Makara 5 hours ago

Should I say "The society" or just "Society"?

Reply 👍 10

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 3 hours ago

When talking generally about human society as a whole, do NOT use "the". Example: "Society is changing." Only use "the" if you are talking about a specific one: "The society of ancient Rome." 🏛️