Grammar: ✨ Grammar Essentials: 🧩 Parts of Speech & 🏗️ Sentence Structure (Advanced) (B2) - Lesson 4: Omitting Relative Pronouns (in defining object clauses)

Lesson 4: Omitting Relative Pronouns

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Omitting Relative Pronouns

ការលុបចោលសព្វនាមឈ្នាប់

Native speakers often drop words like who, which, or that to sound more fluent. But you can only do this when the pronoun is the object of the clause!

ជនជាតិដើមតែងតែលុបចោលពាក្យដូចជា who, which, ឬ that ដើម្បីនិយាយឱ្យរលូន។ ប៉ុន្តែអ្នកអាចធ្វើបែបនេះបាន លុះត្រាតែសព្វនាមនោះជា កម្មបទ នៃឃ្លាប៉ុណ្ណោះ!

✔️

The Object Rule (Drop It!) ✔️

កម្មបទ (អាចលុបចោលបាន)

The movie (that) we watched was great. Rule: "We" is the subject. "That" is the object. កុនដែលពួកយើងបានមើល គឺល្អណាស់។

The woman (who) I saw is my boss. Rule: "I" is the subject. "Who" is the object. ស្ត្រីដែលខ្ញុំបានឃើញ គឺជាមេរបស់ខ្ញុំ។

The laptop (which) you bought is fast. Rule: "You" is the subject. "Which" is the object. កុំព្យូទ័រដែលអ្នកបានទិញ គឺលឿនណាស់។

The food (that) they serve is delicious. Rule: "They" is the subject. "That" is the object. ម្ហូបដែលពួកគេបម្រើ គឺឆ្ងាញ់ណាស់។

❌

The Subject Rule (Keep It!) ❌

ប្រធានបទ (មិនអាចលុបចោលបានទេ)

The student who won the prize is happy. Rule: "Who" is doing the action (winning). សិស្សដែលឈ្នះរង្វាន់ សប្បាយចិត្តណាស់។

The bus that goes to the city is late. Rule: "That" is doing the action (going). ឡានក្រុងដែលទៅទីក្រុង គឺយឺត។

The dog which bit me was big. Rule: "Which" is doing the action (biting). ឆ្កែដែលខាំខ្ញុំ គឺធំណាស់។

The man who lives next door is friendly. Rule: "Who" is doing the action (living). បុរសដែលរស់នៅផ្ទះក្បែរខាង គឺរួសរាយណាស់។

📍

Ending with Prepositions 📍

ធ្នាក់នៅខាងចុងប្រយោគ

The hotel (which) we stayed at was lovely. More natural than: The hotel at which we stayed. សណ្ឋាគារដែលពួកយើងស្នាក់នៅ គឺល្អណាស់។

The friend (who) I was talking to left. More natural than: The friend to whom I was talking. មិត្តភក្តិដែលខ្ញុំកំពុងនិយាយជាមួយ បានចាកចេញហើយ។

The music (that) she listens to is relaxing. More natural than: The music to which she listens. តន្ត្រីដែលនាងស្តាប់ គឺលំហែអារម្មណ៍ណាស់។

The Comma Trap!

Never drop the pronoun in Non-Defining clauses!

(កុំលុបសព្វនាមចោលឱ្យសោះ នៅក្នុងឃ្លាដែលមានសញ្ញាក្បៀសអមសងខាង!)

"My brother, lives in Paris, is tall."
ខុស! (Missing "who" after the comma) ❌

"My brother, who lives in Paris, is tall."
ត្រឹមត្រូវ! (Must keep it) ✅

Quick Check ⚡

ការត្រួតពិនិត្យរហ័ស

Can we drop it?

"The cake that I ate was delicious." Can we drop "that"?

(តើយើងអាចលុបពាក្យ "that" ចេញពីប្រយោគនេះបានទេ?)

Can we drop it?

"The man who called me is my friend." Can we drop "who"?

(តើយើងអាចលុបពាក្យ "who" ចេញពីប្រយោគនេះបានទេ?)

LITERAL TRAP! ❌

"My boss, who is very strict, fired him." Can we drop 'who'?

(តើយើងអាចលុបពាក្យ 'who' ក្នុងឃ្លាដែលមានសញ្ញាក្បៀសនេះបានទេ?)

Context Fill

"The hotel ___ was great." Which is more natural?

(តើជម្រើសមួយណាដែលស្តាប់ទៅធម្មជាតិជាង?)

Meaning Match

Why do native speakers often drop the relative pronoun?

(ហេតុអ្វីបានជាជនជាតិដើមនិយាយភាសាអង់គ្លេស ច្រើនតែលុបសព្វនាមឈ្នាប់ចោល?)

Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Sentence Combine 🧩 (សរសេររួមបញ្ចូលប្រយោគនេះដោយមិនប្រើ 'that': "This is the book. I bought it yesterday.")

Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Listening Hunt 🎧 (ស្តាប់ចម្រៀងភាសាអង់គ្លេស ឬមើលកុន ហើយកត់ត្រាទុកនូវប្រយោគមួយដែលគេលុបពាក្យ 'that' ឬ 'who' ចោល។)

Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Texting Practice 📱 (ផ្ញើសារទៅមិត្តភក្តិរបស់អ្នក ដោយប្រាប់ពីកន្លែងដែលអ្នកបានទៅញ៉ាំអី ដោយដាក់ធ្នាក់នៅខាងចុងប្រយោគ។ ឧទាហរណ៍: The restaurant we went to...)

Video Lesson

មេរៀនជាវីដេអូ

Ask a Question 🙋‍♂️

តើអ្នកមានចម្ងល់មែនទេ? សួរគ្រូនៅទីនេះ!

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Recent Questions

V

Vireak 2 hours ago

Can I drop the words 'where' or 'when' too?

Reply 👍 8

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 1 hour ago

Technically, they are relative adverbs, not pronouns. But yes! Native speakers often say "The day I met you" instead of "The day when I met you." It sounds very natural! 🗓️

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Nita 5 hours ago

What about the word 'whose'? Can I drop that?

Reply 👍 5

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 4 hours ago

No! You can never omit "whose" because it shows possession. Without it, the sentence loses its meaning completely! 🚫

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Ratha 8 hours ago

Is it okay to drop them in formal academic writing?

Reply 👍 12

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 7 hours ago

It is grammatically correct to drop them if they are the object. However, in very formal academic writing, keeping "that" or "which" is sometimes preferred by professors to ensure absolute clarity and structure. 🎓