Speaking: Grammar in Speaking B1 - Lesson 3: Using "used to" for Past Habits

Speaking: Grammar in Speaking B1 - Lesson 3: Using "used to" for Past Habits 🗣️🕰️🔄

ការនិយាយ៖ វេយ្យាករណ៍ក្នុងការនិយាយ B1 - មេរៀនទី ៣៖ ការប្រើ "used to" សម្រាប់ទម្លាប់អតីតកាល

Objective: To learn and practice using "used to + verb (base form)" to talk about past habits, states, or regular actions that are no longer true in the present.

គោលបំណង៖ ដើម្បីរៀន និងអនុវត្តការប្រើប្រាស់ "used to + verb (ទម្រង់ដើម)" ដើម្បីនិយាយអំពីទម្លាប់ ស្ថានភាព ឬសកម្មភាពទៀងទាត់ក្នុងអតីតកាលដែលលែងជាការពិតទៀតហើយក្នុងពេលបច្ចុប្បន្ន។

When we want to talk about things we regularly did in the past, but don't do anymore, we can use the special phrase "used to". It helps us show a contrast between the past and the present.

នៅពេលយើងចង់និយាយអំពីអ្វីដែលយើងធ្លាប់ធ្វើជាប្រចាំក្នុងអតីតកាល ប៉ុន្តែលែងធ្វើទៀតហើយ យើងអាចប្រើឃ្លាពិសេស "used to"។ វាជួយយើងបង្ហាញភាពផ្ទុយគ្នារវាងអតីតកាល និងបច្ចុប្បន្ន។

What "used to" Means អត្ថន័យនៃ "used to"

"Used to + verb" means something was a habit or a regular state in the past, but it is not true now.

"Used to + verb" មានន័យថា អ្វីមួយគឺជាទម្លាប់ ឬស្ថានភាពទៀងទាត់ក្នុងអតីតកាល ប៉ុន្តែវាមិនមែនជាការពិតទៀតទេឥឡូវនេះ។

Example: "I used to play football every day." (This means: I played football every day in the past, but now I don't.)

ឧទាហរណ៍៖ "I used to play football every day." (មានន័យថា៖ ខ្ញុំធ្លាប់លេងបាល់ទាត់រាល់ថ្ងៃក្នុងអតីតកាល ប៉ុន្តែឥឡូវនេះខ្ញុំលែងលេងទៀតហើយ។)

How to Form "used to" របៀបបង្កើត "used to"

Affirmative (Positive) ស្រប (វិជ្ជមាន)

Subject + used to + verb (base form)

The form "used to" is the same for all subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, they).

ទម្រង់ "used to" គឺដូចគ្នាសម្រាប់គ្រប់ប្រធានបទទាំងអស់ (I, you, he, she, it, we, they)។

Examples: Click "ស្តាប់ (Hear)" to listen.

• I used to live in a small village.
• She used to have long hair.
• They used to watch cartoons every morning.

Negative បដិសេធ

Subject + didn't use to + verb (base form)

Notice: We use "didn't" and then "use to" (without the 'd').

ចំណាំ៖ យើងប្រើ "didn't" ហើយបន្ទាប់មក "use to" (ដោយគ្មាន 'd')។

Examples: Click "ស្តាប់ (Hear)" to listen.

• I didn't use to like coffee, but now I do.
• He didn't use to study hard.

Questions (Yes/No) សំណួរ (បាទ/ចាស-ទេ)

Did + Subject + use to + verb (base form)?

Notice: We use "Did" and then "use to" (without the 'd').

ចំណាំ៖ យើងប្រើ "Did" ហើយបន្ទាប់មក "use to" (ដោយគ្មាន 'd')។

Examples: Click "ស្តាប់ (Hear)" to listen.

• Did you use to play the piano?
• Did she use to live here?

Short Answers: Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.

ចម្លើយខ្លី៖ Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.

Practice Forming "used to" Sentences អនុវត្តការបង្កើតប្រយោគ "used to"

Complete the sentences using the correct form of "used to" and the verb in brackets. Say the full sentence aloud. Then, click "បង្ហាញចម្លើយ (Reveal Answer)" to check.

បំពេញប្រយោគដោយប្រើទម្រង់ត្រឹមត្រូវនៃ "used to" និងកិរិយាស័ព្ទក្នុងវង់ក្រចក។ និយាយប្រយោគពេញឱ្យឮៗ។ បន្ទាប់មក ចុច "បង្ហាញចម្លើយ (Reveal Answer)" ដើម្បីពិនិត្យ។

1. When I was a child, I ____________ (play) with toys all day. (Affirmative)

When I was a child, I used to play with toys all day.

2. He ____________ (like) vegetables, but now he loves them. (Negative)

He didn't use to like vegetables, but now he loves them.

3. ________ they ________ (live) in Phnom Penh before? (Question)

Did they use to live in Phnom Penh before?

4. My grandmother ____________ (tell) me stories every night. (Affirmative)

My grandmother used to tell me stories every night.

Tips for Cambodian Learners: គន្លឹះសម្រាប់អ្នករៀនភាសាខ្មែរ៖

• "Use to" in negatives and questions: Remember that the "d" from "used to" disappears in negative sentences (didn't use to) and questions (Did you use to...?). This is a common mistake.
• "Use to" ក្នុងប្រយោគបដិសេធ និងសំណួរ៖ ចងចាំថា "d" ពី "used to" បាត់ក្នុងប្រយោគបដិសេធ (didn't use to) និងសំណួរ (Did you use to...?)។ នេះគឺជាកំហុសទូទៅមួយ។
• Contrast with the present: "Used to" always implies that the situation is different now. You can often add a phrase with "but now..." to show this contrast (e.g., "I used to live in the countryside, but now I live in the city.").
• ភាពផ្ទុយគ្នាជាមួយបច្ចុប្បន្ន៖ "Used to" តែងតែបញ្ជាក់ថាស្ថានភាពឥឡូវនេះគឺខុសគ្នា។ អ្នកតែងតែអាចបន្ថែមឃ្លាជាមួយ "but now..." ដើម្បីបង្ហាញភាពផ្ទុយគ្នានេះ (ឧ. "I used to live in the countryside, but now I live in the city.")។
• Not for single past actions: Don't use "used to" for a single action that happened once in the past. Use Past Simple for that (e.g., "I went to the cinema yesterday," NOT "I used to go to the cinema yesterday."). "Used to" is for repeated habits or states over a period of time in the past.
• មិនមែនសម្រាប់សកម្មភាពអតីតកាលតែមួយដងទេ៖ កុំប្រើ "used to" សម្រាប់សកម្មភាពតែមួយដងដែលបានកើតឡើងក្នុងអតីតកាល។ ប្រើអតីតកាលធម្មតាសម្រាប់រឿងនោះ (ឧ. "I went to the cinema yesterday," មិនមែន "I used to go to the cinema yesterday.")។ "Used to" គឺសម្រាប់ទម្លាប់ ឬស្ថានភាពដដែលៗក្នុងរយៈពេលមួយក្នុងអតីតកាល។

Summary: You learned to use "used to + verb" to talk about past habits and states that are no longer true. Remember the correct forms for affirmative, negative ("didn't use to"), and questions ("Did... use to...?"). This is great for sharing stories about your past!

សង្ខេប៖ អ្នកបានរៀនប្រើ "used to + verb" ដើម្បីនិយាយអំពីទម្លាប់ និងស្ថានភាពអតីតកាលដែលលែងជាការពិតទៀតហើយ។ ចងចាំទម្រង់ត្រឹមត្រូវសម្រាប់ប្រយោគស្រប បដិសេធ ("didn't use to") និងសំណួរ ("Did... use to...?")។ នេះគឺល្អណាស់សម្រាប់ការចែករំលែករឿងរ៉ាវអំពីអតីតកាលរបស់អ្នក!