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B2 English Lesson: Climate Change (Unit 5, Lesson 1)

Sopheak Pich
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B2 Lesson: Climate Change មេរៀន B2៖ ការប្រែប្រួលអាកាសធាតុ บทเรียน B2: การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ Bài học B2: Biến đổi khí hậu B2课程:气候变化 B2レッスン:気候変動 B2 레슨: 기후 변화 Leçon B2 : Le changement climatique Lección B2: Cambio climático الدرس B2: تغير المناخ B2 पाठ: जलवायु परिवर्तन Урок B2: Изменение климата

Welcome to Kep, where the ocean breeze meets the bustling crab market. Follow Kimsan, a local fisherman, and Sreymom, a market vendor, as they navigate the harsh realities of a shifting environment. Today, we will explore how climate change impacts their daily livelihoods and their beloved coastal community. សូមស្វាគមន៍មកកាន់ខេត្តកែប ដែលខ្យល់សមុទ្របក់បោកទីផ្សារក្តាមដ៏អ៊ូអរ។ តាមដានគីមសាន និងស្រីមុំ ពេលពួកគេប្រឈមមុខនឹងបម្រែបម្រួលបរិស្ថាន។ ยินดีต้อนรับสู่แกบ ที่ซึ่งลมทะเลพัดผ่านตลาดปูที่พลุกพล่าน ติดตามคิมซานและสเรยมมขณะที่พวกเขาเผชิญกับการเปลี่ยนแปลงของสภาพแวดล้อม Chào mừng đến Kep, nơi gió biển hòa quyện cùng chợ cua nhộn nhịp. Hãy theo chân Kimsan và Sreymom khi họ đối mặt với sự thay đổi môi trường. 欢迎来到白马市,海风吹拂着熙熙攘攘的螃蟹市场。跟随金山和斯雷蒙,看看他们如何应对不断变化的环境。 ケップへようこそ。潮風が賑やかなカニ市場を吹き抜けます。環境の変化に立ち向かうキムサンとスレイモムの姿を追いましょう。 바닷바람이 북적이는 게 시장과 만나는 깹에 오신 것을 환영합니다. 변화하는 환경에 맞서는 킴산과 스레이몸을 만나보세요. Bienvenue à Kep, où la brise marine rencontre le marché aux crabes animé. Suivez Kimsan et Sreymom face aux changements environnementaux. Bienvenido a Kep, donde la brisa marina se encuentra con el bullicioso mercado de cangrejos. Sigue a Kimsan y Sreymom mientras enfrentan un entorno cambiante. مرحبًا بك في كيب، حيث يلتقي نسيم البحر بسوق سرطان البحر المزدحم. تابع كيمسان وسريموم وهما يواجهان التغيرات البيئية. केप में आपका स्वागत है, जहाँ समुद्र की हवा हलचल भरे केकड़ा बाज़ार से मिलती है। बदलते पर्यावरण का सामना करते हुए किमसान और स्रेमॉम का अनुसरण करें। Добро пожаловать в Кеп, где морской бриз встречается с шумным крабовым рынком. Следуйте за Кимсаном и Среймом, когда они сталкиваются с изменениями окружающей среды.

1. Vocabulary: Climate Change

Listen and repeat the words. Then, drag them to the correct box below.

Coastal erosion

Coastal erosion

/ˈkoʊstəl ɪˈroʊʒən/

The gradual wearing away of land or beaches by the action of the sea. សំណឹកឆ្នេរ การกัดเซาะชายฝั่ง Sự xói mòn bờ biển 海岸侵蚀 海岸浸食 해안 침식 Érosion côtière Erosión costera تآكل السواحل तटीय क्षरण Береговая эрозия

Unpredictable

Unpredictable

/ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbəl/

Not able to be foreseen or known beforehand; changing often. ដែលមិនអាចទាយទុកជាមុនបាន ที่คาดเดาไม่ได้ Không thể đoán trước 不可预测的 予測不可能な 예측할 수 없는 Imprévisible Impredecible غير متوقع अप्रत्याशित Непредсказуемый

Livelihood

Livelihood

/ˈlaɪvlihʊd/

A means of securing the necessities of life, like a job or income source. ជីវភាពរស់នៅ การทำมาหากิน Kế sinh nhai 生计 生計 생계 Moyens de subsistance Sustento سبل العيش आजीविका Средства к существованию

Deplete

Deplete

/dɪˈpliːt/

To heavily reduce the supply or resources of something. ធ្វើអោយថយចុះ ทำให้ลดลง Làm cạn kiệt 耗尽 枯渇させる 고갈시키다 Épuiser Agotar يستنزف कम करना Истощать

Fluctuation

Fluctuation

/ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃən/

An irregular rising and falling in number, amount, or level. ការឡើងចុះ ความผันผวน Sự biến động 波动 変動 변동 Fluctuation Fluctuación تقلب उतार-चढ़ाव Колебание

Mitigate

Mitigate

/ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/

To make something less severe, harmful, or painful. កាត់បន្ថយ(ឥទ្ធិពលអាក្រក់) บรรเทา Giảm nhẹ 减轻 和らげる 완화하다 Atténuer Mitigar تخفيف कम करना Смягчать

Resilience

Resilience

/rɪˈzɪliəns/

The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness. ភាពធន់ ความยืดหยุ่น Khả năng phục hồi 韧性 回復力 회복력 Résilience Resiliencia مرونة लचीलापन Устойчивость

Devastating

Devastating

/ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/

Highly destructive, damaging, or emotionally overwhelming. ដែលបំផ្លិចបំផ្លាញ ที่ทำลายล้าง Tàn phá 毁灭性的 壊滅的な 파괴적인 Dévastateur Devastador مدمر विनाशकारी Разрушительный

Ecosystem

Ecosystem

/ˈiːkoʊˌsɪstəm/

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. ប្រព័ន្ធអេកូឡូស៊ី ระบบนิเวศ Hệ sinh thái 生态系统 生態系 생태계 Écosystème Ecosistema نظام بيئي पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र Экосистема

Adaptation

Adaptation

/ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/

The process of changing to suit new conditions or environments. ការបន្សាំខ្លួន การปรับตัว Sự thích nghi 适应 適応 적응 Adaptation Adaptación تكييف अनुकूलन Адаптация

Match the Definitions

Coastal erosion
Unpredictable
Livelihood
Deplete
Fluctuation
Mitigate
Resilience
Devastating
Ecosystem
Adaptation
Toughness and ability to recover quickly.
To heavily reduce resources.
Changing often; cannot be foreseen.
Highly destructive.
Wearing away of land by the sea.
Interacting biological community.
Means of securing life necessities (e.g., job).
Irregular rising and falling.
To make something less severe.
Process of changing to suit conditions.

2. Grammar: Past Perfect

We use the Past Perfect (had + past participle) to make it clear that one event happened before another action in the past. It shows the order of events.

Structure Example in Context Explanation
Affirmative
Subject + had + Past Participle
By the time Kimsan arrived, Sreymom had sold all the crabs. Sreymom selling crabs happened first. Kimsan arriving happened second.
Negative
Subject + had not (hadn't) + P.P.
The storm hit because they had not expected the fluctuation in weather. Not expecting the weather happened before the storm hit.
Question
Had + Subject + Past Participle?
Had the coastal erosion worsened before the mangrove project started? Asking if the erosion was severe prior to the project.

Grammar Practice (Part 1): Cloze Test

Fill in the blanks using the Past Perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Before Kimsan reached the crab market, Sreymom (arrange) her empty baskets.
2. The local fishermen realized that the fish population (deplete) drastically over the last decade.
3. By the time the government intervened, the community (start) building walls to stop the coastal erosion.

Grammar Practice (Part 2): Complex Sentences

Complete the sentences using negative and adverb placements (e.g., already, never).

1. Prior to the devastating typhoon, Kimsan (never / see) such unpredictable ocean waves.
2. The ecosystem struggled to recover because they (not / mitigate) the pollution in time.
3. When the workshop began, Sreymom (already / learn) about climate adaptation.

3. Reading: The Shifting Tides of Kep

Reading Scene
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headset

The sun was just rising over the Gulf of Thailand as Kimsan dragged his wooden fishing boat onto the shores of Kep. He looked down at his catch; it was lighter than it used to be. For generations, his family had relied on these waters for their livelihood. However, by the time he reached his thirties, the sea had changed drastically. The predictable monsoon cycles were gone, replaced by a climate that was entirely unpredictable.

He walked toward the famous Kep Crab Market, where Sreymom, a seasoned vendor, was waiting. Before Kimsan even arrived, she had already arranged her baskets, though many remained half-empty. "The crabs are moving deeper," Kimsan explained as he handed over his modest catch. Ocean temperatures had risen significantly over the past decade. Because the shallow waters had become too warm, the marine life had migrated to seek cooler ecosystems.

Sreymom nodded sympathetically. She remembered a time when the sea felt like a reliable friend. Just last month, a sudden, devastating storm had hit the coast. Because they had not received any early warning, many fishermen had lost their traps and nets. Furthermore, the coastal erosion had visibly worsened. The wide, sandy beach where local children used to play had slowly depleted, swallowed by the rising tides.

To mitigate these severe effects, the local community had taken action. Long before the government introduced official climate initiatives, Kimsan and his neighbors had organized their own mangrove-planting project. They understood that their long-term resilience depended entirely on a healthy coastal ecosystem.

Despite the severe fluctuations in their daily income, Kimsan and Sreymom remained hopeful. They knew that adaptation was no longer just a scientific concept; it was a daily necessity. By the time the morning market officially opened to tourists, they had already finalized their plans to attend a local climate resilience workshop later that evening. The sea had given them everything, and they had decided it was time to protect it.

Reading Synthesis & Comprehension

1. According to the text, why had the crabs moved to deeper waters?
2. What action had the community taken before the government introduced official initiatives?
3. What does the passage imply about the concept of "adaptation" for Kimsan and Sreymom?

4. Listening: The Morning Catch

Conversation

Listen to Kimsan and Sreymom discuss the morning's challenges at the Crab Market. Pay attention to how they use the Past Perfect tense to describe events that happened before their conversation.

0:00
forum
Kimsan The catch is getting smaller every day, Sreymom. The weather has become completely unpredictable.
Sreymom I know, Kimsan. When I checked my traps this morning, the tide had already washed two of them away.
Kimsan It’s devastating for our livelihood. By the time I sailed out past the islands, the water had turned unusually warm. The ecosystem is suffering.
Sreymom We need to focus on adaptation. Remember the big storm last year? Before it hit, we had never experienced such sudden fluctuations.
Kimsan Exactly. I heard the village council had organized a meeting to mitigate coastal erosion before I left this morning.

Listening Quiz

1. Before Sreymom checked her traps, the tide had already washed two of them away.
2. Kimsan noticed the water was cold by the time he sailed past the islands.

5. Speaking: Roleplay Practice

Imagine you are talking to Kimsan. Practice reading the dialogue aloud. Pay close attention to your pronunciation of the vocabulary words and the Past Perfect phrasing.

Kimsan
The coastal erosion here in Kep is getting worse. Have you noticed any changes?
Local Resident (You)
Yes, absolutely. By the time I visited the beach last week, the water had already covered the old walking path.
Kimsan
It's quite devastating. Did your family prepare before the storm hit?
Local Resident (You)
Thankfully, yes. We had mitigated the risk by securing our roof before the heavy rains started.

6. Writing: Opinion Essay

Write a short opinion essay on how climate change affects coastal communities. Look at the model text. Notice how the writer uses Past Perfect to describe their previous understanding.

Model Extract:

Before I visited Kep, I had always believed that climate change was a distant problem. However, speaking to locals like Sreymom showed me the real, devastating impacts. The crab population had depleted significantly before the government even noticed. I firmly believe that building resilience is crucial for protecting these fragile ecosystems.

Your Turn to Write

Use the template below to draft your opinion essay. Incorporate at least 3 vocabulary words and 2 Past Perfect sentences.

Before I studied the environmental changes in coastal towns, I (think) that the ocean's resources were infinite. However, the situation in places like Kep is highly (Vocabulary word). By the time local fishermen realized the danger, the fish populations (already / drop). In my opinion, we must immediately (Vocabulary word) these effects. If we fail to encourage (Vocabulary word), the future of these communities will be at risk.
B2 English Lesson: Climate Change (Unit 5, Lesson 1)
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