Speaking: Grammar in Speaking B2 - Lesson 3: Using Reported Speech (Statements, Questions, Commands)

Grammar B2

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Reported Speech

ការរាយការណ៍សម្ដីអ្នកដទៃ (ប្រាប់ត)

When we pass on information, we use Reported Speech. We usually change the tense backwards in time!

នៅពេលយើងយកសម្ដីនរណាម្នាក់ទៅប្រាប់អ្នកផ្សេងបន្ត យើងត្រូវប្រែ Tense ថយក្រោយមួយជំហាន (Backshift)។

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chat_bubble Statements

Reporting Facts

ការរាយការណ៍ប្រយោគស្រប (Tense Backshift)

format_quote "I like coffee." (Present)

arrow_forward He said (that) he liked coffee.

គាត់បាននិយាយថា គាត់ចូលចិត្តកាហ្វេ។

format_quote "I am working." (Present Cont.)

arrow_forward She said she was working.

នាងបាននិយាយថា នាងកំពុងធ្វើការ។

format_quote "I will help you." (Future)

arrow_forward He said he would help me.

គាត់បាននិយាយថា គាត់នឹងជួយខ្ញុំ។

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help_outline Questions

Reporting Questions

របៀបរាយការណ៍ប្រយោគសំណួរ (If / WH words)

format_quote "Are you okay?" (Yes/No Q)

arrow_forward She asked if I was okay.

នាងបានសួរថា តើខ្ញុំមិនអីទេមែនទេ។

format_quote "Where do you live?" (WH- Q)

arrow_forward He asked me where I lived.

គាត់បានសួរខ្ញុំថា តើខ្ញុំរស់នៅឯណា។

error Word Order Trick!

In reported questions, we do NOT use question word order. It becomes normal: Subject + Verb.

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campaign Commands

Reporting Commands

ការរាយការណ៍ប្រយោគបញ្ជា ឬស្នើសុំ

format_quote "Sit down!"

arrow_forward She told me to sit down.

នាងបានប្រាប់ឱ្យខ្ញុំអង្គុយចុះ។

format_quote "Don't move!"

arrow_forward He told me not to move.

គាត់បានប្រាប់ខ្ញុំមិនឱ្យកម្រើក។

format_quote "Please help me."

arrow_forward She asked me to help her.

នាងបានសុំឱ្យខ្ញុំជួយនាង។

warning Time & Place Traps!

When reporting, time and place words must change too!

(ពាក្យចង្អុលពេលវេលា និងទីកន្លែង ក៏ត្រូវតែប្តូរទៅតាមអតីតកាលដែរ។)

"Tomorrow" arrow_forward The next day

"Yesterday" arrow_forward The day before

"Here" arrow_forward There

"This" arrow_forward That

He Said, She Said... movie

Watch Teacher Sopheak explain the rules of Reported Speech. Pay close attention to how the tenses step back into the past!

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Quick Check bolt

ការត្រួតពិនិត្យរហ័ស

Backshift Rule

"I am tired." ➔ She said she ___ tired.

(នាងបាននិយាយថានាងហត់។)

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Question Rule

"Where are you?" ➔ He asked me where ___.

(គាត់បានសួរខ្ញុំថា តើខ្ញុំនៅឯណា។)

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Command Rule

"Don't touch it." ➔ She told me ___ touch it.

(នាងប្រាប់ខ្ញុំមិនឱ្យប៉ះវាទេ។)

error TIME TRAP!

"I will go tomorrow." ➔ He said he would go ___.

(តើពាក្យ Tomorrow ប្តូរទៅជាអ្វី?)

Vocab Check

Which sentence is correct?

("Say" មិនត្រូវការកម្មបទ (Object) ទេ តែ "Tell" ត្រូវការ។)

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Mission track_changes

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

forum The Gossip (Listen to something a friend tells you today. Then, report what they said to someone else using "He/She said that...")

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Mission track_changes

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

work The Manager (Think of an instruction your boss or teacher gave you recently. Write it down using "They told me to...")

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Mission track_changes

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

mic Voice Note (Record a short summary of an interview or conversation you watched on YouTube. E.g., "The actor was asked if he liked the movie, and he said that he did.")

Ask a Question front_hand

តើអ្នកមានចម្ងល់មែនទេ? សួរគ្រូនៅទីនេះ!

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Recent Questions

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Piseth 2 hours ago

Teacher, what is the difference between 'said' and 'told'?

Reply thumb_up 15

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Sopheak Pich Teacher 1 hour ago

Hi Piseth! Great question.
Told needs an object (a person). "He told me that..."
Said does not need a person right after it. "He said that..." lightbulb

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Vireak 5 hours ago

Do we ALWAYS have to change the tense backward?

Reply thumb_up 8

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Sopheak Pich Teacher 4 hours ago

Not always! If the fact is STILL true right now, you don't have to backshift. For example, "She said the sky IS blue." Or "He said he LIVES in Siem Reap (and he still does)". public

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Minea 8 hours ago

Can I use 'whether' instead of 'if' for questions?

Reply thumb_up 5

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Sopheak Pich Teacher 7 hours ago

Yes, you can! "He asked whether I was okay" is perfectly fine. "Whether" sounds a little bit more formal than "If". edit_document