Reading: Reading for Inference & Implied Meaning (Introduction): B1 Lesson 3: Understanding Basic Figurative Language

Lesson 3: Cohesion & Coherence

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Cohesion & Coherence

ភាពស្អិតរមួត និងភាពស៊ីសង្វាក់គ្នា

A good text sticks together like glue. We use special words to link ideas so the reader does not get lost.

អត្ថបទដ៏ល្អមួយត្រូវតែមានភាពស្អិតរមួត។ យើងប្រើពាក្យពិសេសដើម្បីភ្ជាប់គំនិត ដើម្បីកុំឱ្យអ្នកអានវង្វេង។

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Pronoun References account_circle

ការប្រើសព្វនាមជំនួស

Tom bought a car. He loves it. សព្វនាម (Pronouns) ជួយបញ្ចៀសការនិយាយពាក្យដដែលៗ។ He ជំនួសឱ្យ Tom ចំណែក it ជំនួសឱ្យ car។

The students were happy. They passed the test. They ជំនួសឱ្យ The students។ វារក្សាអត្ថបទឱ្យមានភាពរលូន។

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Synonym Links find_replace

ការភ្ជាប់ដោយប្រើពាក្យន័យដូច

The dog barked. The animal was angry. ការប្រើពាក្យ animal (សត្វ) ជំនួសឱ្យការប្រើពាក្យ dog ដដែលៗ។ វាជួយឲ្យអត្ថបទមានភាពសំបូរបែប។

I visited Paris. The city is beautiful. ពាក្យ city សំដៅត្រលប់ទៅកាន់ Paris វិញ ដោយមិនចាំបាច់ហៅឈ្មោះវាផ្ទាល់។

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Logical Linkers alt_route

ពាក្យភ្ជាប់តក្កវិជ្ជា

I was tired. Therefore, I went to sleep. Therefore (ដូច្នេះហើយ) បង្ហាញពីលទ្ធផល ឬហេតុផលច្បាស់លាស់។

It was raining. However, we played outside. However (ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ) ប្រើសម្រាប់ភ្ជាប់គំនិតដែលផ្ទុយគ្នា។

warning The Lost Pronoun Trap!

Make sure the reader knows who "He" or "It" is!

(អន្ទាក់សព្វនាមវង្វេង! ពេលប្រើសព្វនាម ត្រូវប្រាកដថាអ្នកអានដឹងថាវាសំដៅលើនរណាឲ្យប្រាកដ។)

"Dara and Sok went to the store. He bought an apple." close

(Confusing! តើ "He" សំដៅលើ Dara ឬ Sok?)

"Dara and Sok went to the store. Dara bought an apple." check_circle

(Clear! បញ្ជាក់ឈ្មោះឲ្យច្បាស់ដើម្បីកុំឲ្យវង្វេង)

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Quick Check bolt

ការត្រួតពិនិត្យរហ័ស

Pronoun Reference

"Lisa found a wallet. She gave it to the police." What does "it" refer to?

(តើពាក្យ "it" ក្នុងប្រយោគនេះសំដៅលើអ្វី?)

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Synonym Links

"The children loved the movie. The film was very funny." Which word links to "movie"?

(តើពាក្យមួយណាមានន័យដូចពាក្យ "movie"?)

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Missing Linker

"I studied hard. ___, I passed the exam."

(ខ្ញុំរៀនបានពូកែ។ ជាលទ្ធផល ខ្ញុំប្រឡងជាប់។)

TRAP QUESTION! error

"The dog chased the cat, and it ran up a tree." Why is this confusing?

(ហេតុអ្វីបានជាប្រយោគនេះធ្វើឲ្យអ្នកអានវង្វេង?)

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True or False

Cohesion means all the sentences stick together smoothly using linking words and pronouns.

(ភាពស្អិតរមួតមានន័យថាគ្រប់ប្រយោគភ្ជាប់គ្នាបានយ៉ាងរលូន ដោយប្រើពាក្យភ្ជាប់ និងសព្វនាម។)

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Mission my_location

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Pronoun Hunt account_circle (អានកថាខណ្ឌមួយក្នុងសៀវភៅ រួចគូសសញ្ញាព្រួញពីសព្វនាមទៅកាន់នាមដែលវាជំនួសឲ្យ។)

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Mission my_location

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Synonym Match find_replace (សរសេរពាក្យន័យដូច (Synonyms) ចំនួន ៣ គូ ដែលអ្នកអាចប្រើក្នុងការសរសេរអត្ថបទ។ ឧ. city / town)

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Mission my_location

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Linker Challenge alt_route (សរសេរប្រយោគចំនួន ២ ហើយភ្ជាប់វាដោយប្រើពាក្យ "Therefore" ឬ "However"។)

Text Glue movie

មេរៀនជាវីដេអូ

Watch Teacher Sopheak explain how pronouns, synonyms, and linkers make your English reading and writing flow perfectly.

Ask a Question person_raised_hand

តើអ្នកមានចម្ងល់មែនទេ? សួរគ្រូនៅទីនេះ!

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Recent Questions

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Sovan 2 hours ago

Teacher, what is the exact difference between Cohesion and Coherence?

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Sopheak Pich Teacher 1 hour ago

Cohesion is the "grammar glue" (pronouns, linkers) that holds sentences together. Coherence is the "logic glue"—does the whole paragraph make sense to the reader? Both are important! lightbulb

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Vireak 5 hours ago

Can I just repeat the exact same noun instead of using pronouns?

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Sopheak Pich Teacher 4 hours ago

You can, but it sounds very robotic! "John went to John's house because John was tired." Using "he" and "his" makes it natural and smooth. account_circle

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Minea 8 hours ago

What if I am writing and I don't know a good synonym to use?

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Sopheak Pich Teacher 7 hours ago

That is okay! You can use a general category word instead. For example, if you don't know another word for "Ferrari", you can just say "the car" or "the vehicle". It still links the idea perfectly! find_replace