ESL Cambodia - Pocket Online English Learning

SECTION 1: THE NAME GAME

What is a Noun? /naʊn/

Think of a noun as a "name word" (ពាក្យនាម). It is the name of everything around you. If you can see it, touch it, or give it a name... it is a noun!

• A Person
  មនុស្ស (ឧទាហរណ៍៖ គ្រូបង្រៀន, សិស្ស, វេជ្ជបណ្ឌិត) monous (vdaharn: kroubangrien, sess, vechchabandet)
• A Place
  ទីកន្លែង (ឧទាហរណ៍៖ សាលារៀន, មន្ទីរពេទ្យ, ផ្ទះ) tikonleng (vdaharn: salarien, montipety, pteah)
• A Thing
  វត្ថុ (ឧទាហរណ៍៖ ទូរស័ព្ទ, តុ, រថយន្ត) vottho (vdaharn: toursap, to, rothyont)

Pro Tip

Look around your room right now. What do you see? A chair? A window? A computer? Those are all nouns!

SECTION 2: +S AND +ES RULES

Singular vs. Plural /ˈpɫʊɹ.əɫ/

Now that we know what nouns are, we need to count them.

• Singular (1) - One apple
  ឯកវចនៈ (១) - ផ្លែប៉ោមមួយ ekvochnah (1) - phle paom muoy
• Plural (2+) - Two apples
  ពហុវចនៈ (២ឡើងទៅ) - ផ្លែប៉ោមពីរ (បន្ថែមអក្សរ -s) pohovochnah (2 laeng tow) - phle paom pir (banthem aksar -s)

The +ES Rule

If a word ends in -s, -sh, -ch, or -x, we add -es to make it easy to say.

Example: One bus 👉 Two buses (Not 'buss')

SECTION 3: THE COUNTING TEST

Can you count it? /kaʊnt/

In English, there is a very important rule. Some nouns we can count, and some we cannot count.

• Countable - "I have two pens."
  នាមរាប់បាន - "ខ្ញុំមានប៊ិចពីរ។" neam roab ban - "khnhom mean bech pir."
• Uncountable - Liquids, powders, ideas.
  នាមរាប់មិនបាន - វត្ថុរាវ, ម្សៅ, ឬគំនិត។ អ្នកមិនអាចរាប់វាជាលក្ខណៈដាច់ដោយឡែកបានទេ។ neam roab men ban - vottho reav, msau, ryy komnit. anak men ach roab vea chea leakkhonah dach daoy laek ban te.

Grammar Rule

With uncountable nouns (Water, Rice, Money), we always treat them as singular. We do not add '-s'.
✅ "The water is cold."
❌ "The waters are cold."

SECTION 4: HOW MUCH / HOW MANY

Quantifiers /ˈkwɑn.tə.faɪ.ɚ/

Sometimes, we don't know the exact number. We just want to say "a big amount" or "a small amount." We use Quantifiers.

• A lot of (Many/Much)
  ច្រើន - ប្រើសម្រាប់នាមរាប់បាន និងរាប់មិនបាន។ "ខ្ញុំមានសៀវភៅច្រើន។" chraen - prae samrab neam roab ban neng roab men ban. "khnhom mean sievphov chraen."
• Some (Positive sentences)
  ខ្លះ - ប្រើក្នុងប្រយោគស្រប។ "ខ្ញុំមានផ្លែប៉ោមខ្លះ។" khlah - prae knong proyok srab. "khnhom mean phle paom khlah."
• Any (Questions / Negatives)
  ណាមួយ / សោះ - ប្រើក្នុងប្រយោគសំនួរ និងបដិសេធ។ "តើអ្នកមានលុយទេ?" / "ខ្ញុំគ្មានលុយសោះ។" namuoy / soh - prae knong proyok somnuor neng badeseth. "tae anak mean loy te?" / "khnhom kmean loy soh."

Quick Review

Are you ready to test your knowledge?

Take the Quiz!