Life Milestones ព្រឹត្តិការណ៍សំខាន់ៗក្នុងជីវិត ความสำเร็จในชีวิต Những cột mốc cuộc đời 人生里程碑 人生の節目 인생의 이정표 Les étapes de la vie Hitos de la vida معالم الحياة जीवन के मील के पत्थर Жизненные вехи
Pursat is a quiet but growing province in Cambodia. Let's explore the lives of Vuthy, a local marble carver, and Ravy, a train conductor. Today, we will learn about life milestones and how to use the passive voice. ពោធិ៍សាត់គឺជាខេត្តដ៏ស្ងប់ស្ងាត់ប៉ុន្តែកំពុងអភិវឌ្ឍ។ តោះស្វែងយល់ពីជីវិតរបស់វុទ្ធី និងរ៉ាវី។ ថ្ងៃនេះ យើងនឹងរៀនអំពីព្រឹត្តិការណ៍ជីវិត និងទម្រង់អកម្ម។ โพธิสัตว์เป็นจังหวัดที่เงียบสงบแต่กำลังพัฒนา มาสำรวจชีวิตของวุธีและราวี วันนี้เราจะเรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับความสำเร็จในชีวิตและรูปประโยคเน้นกรรม Pursat là một tỉnh yên tĩnh nhưng đang phát triển. Hãy cùng khám phá cuộc sống của Vuthy và Ravy. Hôm nay, chúng ta sẽ học về các cột mốc cuộc đời và câu bị động. 菩萨省是一个宁静但不断发展的省份。让我们来看看武提和拉维的生活。今天，我们将学习关于人生里程碑和被动语态。 ポーサットは静かですが発展している州です。ヴティとラヴィの生活を見てみましょう。今日は人生の節目と受動態について学びます。 푸르삿은 조용하지만 발전하는 주입니다. 부티와 라비의 삶을 살펴보겠습니다. 오늘은 인생의 이정표와 수동태에 대해 배울 것입니다. Pursat est une province calme mais en développement. Découvrons la vie de Vuthy et Ravy. Aujourd'hui, nous apprendrons les étapes de la vie et la voix passive. Pursat es una provincia tranquila pero en desarrollo. Exploremos la vida de Vuthy y Ravy. Hoy aprenderemos sobre los hitos de la vida y la voz pasiva. بورسات مقاطعة هادئة ولكنها نامية. دعونا نستكشف حياة فوثي ورافي. سنتعلم اليوم عن معالم الحياة والمبني للمجهول. पर्सैट एक शांत लेकिन विकासशील प्रांत है। आइए वूथी और रावी के जीवन का पता लगाएं। आज, हम जीवन के मील के पत्थर और पैसिव वॉयस के बारे में जानेंगे। Пурсат — тихая, но развивающаяся провинция. Давайте познакомимся с жизнью Вутхи и Рави. Сегодня мы изучим жизненные вехи и пассивный залог.
1. Vocabulary: Life Milestones
Listen and repeat the words. Then, drag them to the correct box below.
Milestone
/ˈmaɪl.stoʊn/A very important event in someone's life. ព្រឹត្តិការណ៍សំខាន់បំផុតក្នុងជីវិត។ เหตุการณ์สำคัญมากในชีวิตของใครบางคน Một sự kiện rất quan trọng trong cuộc đời ai đó. 某人生命中非常重要的事件。 誰かの人生における非常に重要な出来事。 누군가의 삶에서 매우 중요한 사건. Un événement très important dans la vie de quelqu'un. Un evento muy importante en la vida de alguien. حدث مهم جدا في حياة شخص ما. किसी के जीवन की एक बहुत महत्वपूर्ण घटना। Очень важное событие в чьей-то жизни.
To be born
/tə bi bɔːrn/To start your life as a baby. ចាប់កំណើត។ เกิด Được sinh ra. 出生。 生まれる。 태어나다. Naître. Nacer. أن يولد. जन्म लेना। Родиться.
To be raised
/tə bi reɪzd/To be taken care of by parents until you are an adult. ត្រូវបានចិញ្ចឹមបីបាច់។ ได้รับการเลี้ยงดู Được nuôi nấng. 被抚养长大。 育てられる。 자라다 (양육되다). Être élevé. Ser criado. أن يتربى. पालन-पोषण होना। Воспитываться.
To graduate
/tə ˈɡrædʒ.u.eɪt/To finish school, college, or university completely. បញ្ចប់ការសិក្សា។ สำเร็จการศึกษา Tốt nghiệp. 毕业。 卒業する。 졸업하다. Obtenir un diplôme. Graduarse. يتخرج. स्नातक होना। Окончить учебное заведение.
To be hired
/tə bi ˈhaɪərd/To be given a job by a company. ត្រូវបានជួលឱ្យធ្វើការ។ ได้รับการจ้างงาน Được nhận vào làm. 被雇用。 雇われる。 고용되다. Être embauché. Ser contratado. أن يتم توظيفه. काम पर रखा जाना। Быть нанятым на работу.
To get engaged
/tə ɡet ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/To officially agree to marry someone soon. ភ្ជាប់ពាក្យ។ หมั้น Đính hôn. 订婚。 婚約する。 약혼하다. Se fiancer. Comprometerse. أن يخطب. सगाई करना। Обручиться.
To get married
/tə ɡet ˈmær.id/To become husband and wife legally. រៀបការ។ แต่งงาน Kết hôn. 结婚。 結婚する。 결혼하다. Se marier. Casarse. أن يتزوج. शादी करना। Пожениться.
To buy a house
/tə baɪ ə haʊs/To pay money to own your own home. ទិញផ្ទះ។ ซื้อบ้าน Mua nhà. 买房。 家を買う。 집을 사다. Acheter une maison. Comprar una casa. يشتري منزلا. घर खरीदना। Купить дом.
To be promoted
/tə bi prəˈmoʊ.t̬ɪd/To be given a higher, better position at work. ត្រូវបានដំឡើងឋានៈ។ ได้รับการเลื่อนตำแหน่ง Được thăng chức. 被升职。 昇進する。 승진하다. Être promu. Ser ascendido. أن يترقى. पदोन्नत होना। Получить повышение.
To retire
/tə rɪˈtaɪr/To stop working permanently because of old age. ចូលនិវត្តន៍។ เกษียณอายุ Nghỉ hưu. 退休。 退職する。 은퇴하다. Prendre sa retraite. Jubilarse. أن يتقاعد. सेवानिवृत्त होना। Уйти на пенсию.
Match the Definitions
2. Grammar: Passive Voice (Present & Past)
We use the passive voice when the action is more important than who does the action, or when we don't know who did it. Notice how the verb "to be" changes depending on the time (Present or Past).
| Tense | Form (Rule) | Active Example | Passive Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present Passive | am / is / are + Past Participle (V3) | Vuthy carves the marble. | The marble is carved by Vuthy. |
| Past Passive | was / were + Past Participle (V3) | The company hired Ravy last year. | Ravy was hired by the company last year. |
Grammar Practice (Part 1: Present Passive)
Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the Present Passive (am/is/are + V3).
Grammar Practice (Part 2: Past Passive)
Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the Past Passive (was/were + V3).
3. Reading: Context in Pursat
Vuthy and Ravy are childhood friends. Both of them were born and raised in Pursat province. Over the years, they have reached many important life milestones.
Vuthy is a talented marble carver. In Pursat, high-quality marble is mined from the Cardamom Mountains. Then, it is transported to Vuthy’s workshop. The raw stone is carved into beautiful shapes. His beautiful statues are sold to tourists from all over the world. Last year, a huge marble Buddha was ordered by a local temple, and the statue was finished in just three months. Vuthy loves his job because every piece is unique. When a piece is completed, it is displayed in the front window.
On the other hand, Ravy is a train conductor. The railway connects Battambang and Phnom Penh, and it passes right through Pursat. Two years ago, Ravy was hired by the Royal Railway. Hundreds of tickets are checked by him every week. The train is cleaned every evening when it arrives at the station. He worked hard, and last month, he was promoted to senior conductor.
Another big milestone is coming soon! Ravy is going to get married. The wedding invitations were sent out last week. Vuthy was asked to be the best man. When Ravy and his fiancé got engaged, the ring was bought in Phnom Penh, but the celebration was held in Pursat. Both friends are happy because a new house was bought by Ravy recently. They plan to have children and want them to be raised in their peaceful hometown. Their lives show that when hard work is done, great milestones can be achieved.
Reading Comprehension
4. Listening: Conversation
Vuthy and Ravy are having coffee near the Pursat train station. They are discussing Ravy's upcoming wedding.
Listening Quiz
5. Speaking: Roleplay Practice
Practice this dialogue. Focus on pronouncing the Passive Voice verbs clearly.
6. Writing: Your Turn
Look at the model text. Notice how the writer uses Past Passive to talk about their life milestones.
Your Turn to Write (Informal Email)
I want to share some exciting news about my life milestones! I (was born / was raised) in . Recently, I achieved a big goal when I (was hired / got promoted / got married).
To celebrate, a small party (was organized / was held) by my family last weekend. Delicious food (was cooked / was prepared), and many photos (were taken).
I am very happy and excited for the future!
Best wishes,
[Your Name]
