Writing: Expository & Functional
B1 Lesson 11: The "For and Against" Paragraph
Listen to the lesson concepts here.
Before You Start 🧠
Key Vocabulary (Click 🔊)
Let's learn these important words for this lesson.
What is a "For and Against" Paragraph?
This type of writing is very common in discussions, reports, and making decisions. Instead of just giving your own opinion, you must first present both sides of the topic in a fair, objective way.
Your goal is to inform the reader, not just persuade them.
The Basic Structure
A good "for and against" paragraph has three parts:
- Topic Sentence: Introduce the topic and state that there are two sides.
- Body: Present the "for" points (pros/advantages) and the "against" points (cons/disadvantages).
- Concluding Sentence: Give a final, balanced thought (without a strong personal opinion).
(Topic Sentence) Working from home has both benefits and drawbacks.
(Pros) On the one hand, it offers more flexibility and saves time on travel.
(Cons) On the other hand, it can be lonely and it is sometimes hard to stop working.
(Conclusion) In conclusion, it is a good option for some people, but not for everyone.
Your Toolkit: Transition Words 🛠️ (Click 🔊)
To write a good "for and against" paragraph, you must use transition words to guide your reader.
- One advantage is...
- A benefit is...
- On the plus side...
- A disadvantage is...
- A drawback is...
- On the negative side...
- On the one hand...
- On the other hand...
- However...
Practice What You Learned 🎯
Quiz: Choose the Correct Transition Word
Complete the sentences by choosing the best transition word or phrase.
1. , smartphones are useful for communication. , they can be addictive.
2. Living in Phnom Penh is exciting. , it is often very crowded and noisy.
3. of living in the countryside is the clean air.
Activity 2: Brainstorm Pros & Cons
Before you write, you must brainstorm. Think about the topic: "Studying Online". What are some pros and cons?
Click below to see some ideas.
Show Example Answers
- You can study anytime.
- It is flexible.
- You can learn from home.
- It is often cheaper.
- You need good internet.
- It can be lonely.
- It is hard to ask questions.
- You must be very motivated.
Key Vocabulary Reference (Click 🔊)
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Advantage / Pro
A good point or positive quality.
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Disadvantage / Con
A bad point or negative quality.
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Drawback
Another word for disadvantage or "con".
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On the one hand...
Used to introduce the first point or side of an argument.
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On the other hand...
Used to introduce the opposite point or side of an argument.
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However,
A formal word for "but"; used to show contrast.
Your Writing Mission ⭐
Write Your "For and Against" Paragraph
Now it's your turn to write. Choose one of the topics below:
- Living in Phnom Penh
- Studying online
- Using social media (like Facebook or TikTok)
Write one paragraph (about 4-6 sentences) in your notebook or in the comments. Follow the 3-step structure and use at least two transition words (like On the one hand... and However...).