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Focus & Flow
លទ្ធផល ទល់នឹង សកម្មភាព
Are you thinking about the Result, or the Activity itself?
តើអ្នកចង់ផ្តោតលើ លទ្ធផលដែលបានសម្រេច ឬ សកម្មភាពដែលកំពុងបន្ត/ទើបតែបញ្ឈប់?
The Core Difference
ភាពខុសគ្នាសំខាន់
Simple
Finished Result
(លទ្ធផលសម្រេច)
Continuous
Ongoing Action
(សកម្មភាពបន្ត)
Simple: "I have painted my room."
(It is finished. Look at the new color.)
(It is finished. Look at the new color.)
Continuous: "I have been painting."
(I am tired. There is paint on my shirt. It might not be finished.)
(I am tired. There is paint on my shirt. It might not be finished.)
Simple
ផ្តោតលើ បរិមាណ (ប៉ុន្មាន) ឬ លទ្ធផល
Subj +
have / has +
V3 (Past Participle)
Keyword: How much / How many
She has read 3 books.
នាងបានអានសៀវភៅ ៣ ក្បាលហើយ។ (Focus on quantity)
I have eaten my lunch.
ខ្ញុំបានញ៉ាំអាហារថ្ងៃត្រង់រួចហើយ។ (Focus on completion)
Continuous
ផ្តោតលើ រយៈពេល (យូរប៉ុណ្ណា) ឬ សកម្មភាព
Subj +
have / has +
been +
V-ing
Keyword: How long
She has been reading for 2 hours.
នាងបានកំពុងអានសៀវភៅរយៈពេល ២ ម៉ោងហើយ។ (Focus on time)
It has been raining all day.
មេឃបានកំពុងភ្លៀងពេញមួយថ្ងៃ។ (Focus on duration)
The B2 Grammar Trap!
Stative Verbs cannot be Continuous!
(កិរិយាសព្ទបញ្ជាក់ស្ថានភាព ដូចជា know, like, want, believe មិនអាចប្រើក្នុងទម្រង់ Continuous (-ing) បានទេ ទោះបីជានិយាយពីរយៈពេលក៏ដោយ!)
I have been knowing him for 5 years. ❌
I have known him for 5 years. ✔️
Quick Check ⚡
ការត្រួតពិនិត្យរហ័ស ⚡
Focus on Quantity (បរិមាណ)
I ___ 3 cups of coffee today.
Your friend looks very tired and sweaty.
"What ___?"
(ផ្តោតលើសកម្មភាពដែលបណ្តាលឲ្យហត់)
Grammar Trap! ❌
We ___ this car since 2020.
(have ទីនេះគឺជាកិរិយាសព្ទបញ្ជាក់ស្ថានភាព មានន័យថា "មាន/កម្មសិទ្ធិ")
Mission 📝
បេសកកម្ម 📝
Your Life Recently
ជីវិតរបស់អ្នកថ្មីៗនេះ
Write 3 sentences in your notebook.