Grammar: 💡 Effective Word Choice & Style - Intermediate/Advanced (B2) - Lesson 8: Advanced Linking Words & Cohesive Devices (e.g., furthermore, nevertheless, consequently, thus)

Writing: Cohesion & Flow

B2 Lesson 8: Advanced Linking Words

What you will learn: By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use advanced linking words (like 'furthermore,' 'however,' and 'consequently') to connect ideas in formal writing.

Model: B1 vs. B2 Writing ✍️

Using more advanced linking words is a key step to making your writing sound more formal and academic.

Good (B1 Level)

The new park will be good for the city. It will provide a space for recreation, and it will also help improve air quality.

Better (B2 Level)

The new park will provide a space for recreation. Furthermore, it will help to improve air quality in the city.

Your Writer's Toolkit 🛠️

Advanced Linking Words by Function

To ADD Information (alternatives to 'and'/'also')

• Furthermore: The history of Battambang is fascinating. Furthermore, its modern art scene is incredibly vibrant.
• Moreover: He is a talented artist. Moreover, he is an excellent teacher.
• In addition: Applicants must have a degree. In addition, they need five years of experience.

To show a CONTRAST (alternatives to 'but')

• However: He studied hard for the test. However, he did not get the score he wanted.
• Nevertheless: The journey was long and tiring. Nevertheless, it was a truly unforgettable experience.

To show a RESULT (alternatives to 'so')

• Consequently / As a result: The company lost millions of dollars. Consequently, over 100 workers lost their jobs.
• Therefore: The evidence was overwhelming. Therefore, the man was found guilty.

Important Punctuation Rule: When these words connect two complete sentences, use a period (.) or a semicolon (;), not just a comma.
Correct: The weather was beautiful. However, we stayed inside.
Incorrect: The weather was beautiful, however, we stayed inside.

Practice & Application 🎯

Quiz: Choose the Right Link

Choose the best linking word to connect the two ideas.

1. The hotel is beautiful and has a large swimming pool. _______, it is located right in the city center.
   → Answer: Furthermore (This adds another positive point.)
2. He is fluent in English. _______, he finds it difficult to understand fast-spoken idioms.
   → Answer: Nevertheless (This shows a surprising contrast.)
3. The company's profits increased by 20% last year. _______, all employees received a bonus.
   → Answer: Consequently (The bonus is a direct result of the profits.)

Your Writing Mission ⭐

Writing Task: Connect the Sentences

Combine these pairs of sentences using an appropriate advanced linking word from the lesson. Remember the punctuation!

1. He is an excellent teacher. He is also a respected researcher in his field.
   → Example Answer: He is an excellent teacher; moreover, he is a respected researcher in his field.
2. The storm was very strong. The old bridge was not damaged.
   → Example Answer: The storm was very strong. Nevertheless, the old bridge was not damaged.
3. She did not submit her application on time. She was not considered for the position.
   → Example Answer: She did not submit her application on time; therefore, she was not considered for the position.

Key Vocabulary

• Linking Words / Cohesive Devices (Noun) | ពាក្យតភ្ជាប់
  Words or phrases that connect ideas, sentences, or paragraphs smoothly.
• Nevertheless (Adverb) | ទោះបីជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ
  Despite what has just been said; used for a surprising contrast.
• Consequently (Adverb) | ជាលទ្ធផល
  As a direct result of something.