Grammar: ⚙️ Verbs in Depth: Mastery (C1) - Lesson 1: Advanced Passive Structures (Impersonal passive: It is said that...)

Grammar: C1 Mastery

📰

Impersonal Passive

ល្បះកម្មអកម្មវត្ថុ / ការរាយការណ៍ព័ត៌មាន

Used in news and academic writing when we don't know (or don't want to say) WHO said it.

វាត្រូវបានគេប្រើប្រាស់យ៉ាងទូលំទូលាយក្នុងព័ត៌មាន និងការសរសេរជាផ្លូវការ នៅពេលដែលយើងចង់រាយការណ៍អ្វីមួយ ដោយមិនចាំបាច់បញ្ជាក់ថាអ្នកណាជាអ្នកនិយាយ។

🗣️

"It is..." Structure 🗣️

ទម្រង់ទី ១៖ ចាប់ផ្តើមដោយ "It"

Rule: Use It + passive reporting verb + that clause.

Reporting a belief It is + V3 + that It is said that the company is losing money. (គេនិយាយថា / មានពាក្យចចាមអារ៉ាមថា ក្រុមហ៊ុនកំពុងខាតបង់ប្រាក់។)

In the Past It was + V3 + that It was reported that the fire started at night. (គេបានរាយការណ៍ថា អគ្គិភ័យបានឆាបឆេះនៅពេលយប់។)

➡️

"Subject + To..." ➡️

ទម្រង់ទី ២៖ យកប្រធានមកដាក់ខាងមុខ

Rule: Use Subject + passive reporting verb + to-infinitive for present or future facts.

Present Fact Subject + V3 + to be The company is said to be losing money. (ក្រុមហ៊ុនត្រូវបានគេនិយាយថា កំពុងខាតបង់ប្រាក់។)

With Action Verbs Subject + V3 + to + V1 She is expected to win the election. (នាងត្រូវបានគេរំពឹងថានឹងឈ្នះការបោះឆ្នោត។)

🕰️

"Subject + To have..." 🕰️

ទម្រង់ទី ៣៖ សម្រាប់ការនិយាយពីរឿងអតីតកាល

Rule: Use Subject + passive reporting verb + to have + V3 when reporting something that happened in the PAST.

Reporting a Past Event to have + V3 The thief is believed to have escaped. (ចោរត្រូវបានគេជឿថា បានរត់គេចខ្លួនបាត់ហើយ។)

Reporting a Past Event to have + V3 He is known to have stolen the money. (គាត់ត្រូវបានគេដឹងថា បានលួចលុយនោះ។)

📋

Reporting Verbs 📋

កិរិយាសព្ទសម្រាប់រាយការណ៍

You cannot use just any verb. We only use verbs related to thinking, saying, or reporting.

Common Verbs • Say (is said to / is said that)
• Believe (is believed to)
• Report (is reported to)
• Consider (is considered to)
• Expect (is expected to)
• Know (is known to) (និយាយ, ជឿ, រាយការណ៍, ចាត់ទុក, រំពឹង, ដឹង)

Grammar Traps!

Trap 1: Mixing up "That" and "To"

If the sentence starts with a person/thing, use TO.
If it starts with IT, use THAT.

---

He is said that he is rich. ❌
He is said to be rich. ✅
It is said that he is rich. ✅

Trap 2: Forgetting the Past (To have)

If the action happened yesterday or last year, don't use "to + V1". Use "to have + V3".

---

He is reported to leave yesterday. ❌
He is reported to have left yesterday. ✅

Quick Check ⚡

ការត្រួតពិនិត្យរហ័ស

Find the Correct Form

Which sentence is grammatically correct?

(តើប្រយោគមួយណាត្រឹមត្រូវ?)

Transformation Match

Change this: "It is believed that she works hard."

(ប្តូរទម្រង់ប្រយោគខាងលើ ឲ្យមានប្រធានបទនៅខាងមុខ!)

THE PAST TRAP! ❌

He is reported ___ the country yesterday.

(គាត់ត្រូវបានគេរាយការណ៍ថា បានចាកចេញពីប្រទេសកាលពីម្សិលមិញ។)

Verb Meaning

"The suspect is claimed to be dangerous." What does this mean?

(តើប្រយោគនេះមានន័យដូចម្តេច?)

Missing Word

___ is expected that the president will resign.

(គេរំពឹងថា ប្រធានាធិបតីនឹងលាលែងពីតំណែង។)

Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

News Hunter 📰 (អានព័ត៌មានអង់គ្លេស ហើយរកមើលប្រយោគដែលមានប្រើ "It is reported that..." ឬ "It is said that..."។)

Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Rewrite Practice ✍️ (ប្តូរប្រយោគ "People say he is a good boss." ទៅជាទម្រង់ Impersonal Passive ទាំង ២ របៀប។)

Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Teach a friend 🙋‍♂️ (ពន្យល់មិត្តភក្តិពីភាពខុសគ្នារវាង "It is said that she works hard" និង "She is said to work hard"!)

Mission 🎯

អនុវត្តផ្ទាល់!

Voice Note 🎤 (ថតសំឡេងខ្លួនឯងនិយាយរាយការណ៍អំពីពាក្យចចាមអារ៉ាមមួយ ដោយប្រើ "It is believed that..." រយៈពេល ៣០ វិនាទី។)

Video Lesson

មេរៀនជាវីដេអូ

Ask a Question 🙋‍♂️

តើអ្នកមានចម្ងល់មែនទេ? សួរគ្រូនៅទីនេះ!

U

Recent Questions

K

Kosal 2 hours ago

Why do we use "It is said that..." instead of just saying "People say that..."? It seems harder!

Reply 👍 15

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 1 hour ago

Good question, Kosal! "People say" is fine for everyday chatting. However, in C1 Mastery writing (like journalism, essays, or business reports), "It is said" makes you sound much more objective, professional, and detached. It is the standard style for formal English! 📰

M

Minea 5 hours ago

How do I know when to use "to have + V3" instead of just "to + V1"?

Reply 👍 8

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 4 hours ago

You use the Perfect Infinitive ("to have + V3") when the action happened in the PAST, before the reporting time. If the rumor is happening now about something that happened yesterday, use "to have". Example: "He is believed (now) to have left (yesterday)." ⏳

T

Thida 8 hours ago

Can I use ANY verb with this structure? Like "It is eaten that..."?

Reply 👍 5

SP

Sopheak Pich Teacher 7 hours ago

Haha, no! ❌ We ONLY use "Reporting Verbs" or "Thinking Verbs" for this. The most common ones are: say, think, believe, consider, report, claim, and expect. You can't use action verbs like eat, jump, or run. 🧠🗣️